Septum of the penis - dissection, anatomical description and functional relevance.

Background: The septum of the penis or the pectiniform septum (from Latina pecten) is a connective structure that separates the two corpora cavernosa of the penis. It is formed through the joining of the circular fibers of the tunica albuginea, which envelops the corpora cavernosa. The septum neither completely separates, nor entirely joins the two corpora cavernosa.

Results: We dissected the penile septum in 10 formalized bodies. The dissections were carried out using magnifying lenses, emphasizing the connective structures. We studied the structure of the septum using transverse and sagittal dissection planes. We identified the penile septum as a structure consisting of clusters of tendinous cords incompletely separating the two cavernous structures. The septum completely separates the two corpora cavernosa in its posterior segment. As we progress forward, the septum starts resembling the tendinous cords that attach to the papillary muscles of the heart. These cords are differentiated from the internal layer of the albuginea of each corpus cavernosum. We evaluated the opportunity of considering the anterior and posterior intercavernous ligaments as septal structures.

Conclusion: In this type of construction, the septum maintains both the hemodynamic and mechanical coherence of the cavernous structures and allows penile movement more efficiently than a continuous septal structure. The septum enables the lengthening of the penis and simultaneous filling with blood of both its corpora cavernosa through the transseptal vascular anastomosis. This allows for penile deformation during erection to be avoided. Our study also provides a description of the way the corpora cavernosa attach to the bulbus of corpus spongiosum.