追踪空气中的 SARS-CoV-2 RNA：从医务室爆发的 COVID-19 事件中汲取的教训。

IF 3.8 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2024.10.035

Shuk-Ching Wong MNurs , Jonathan Hon-Kwan Chen PhD , Pui-Hing Chau PhD , Wai-On Tam FRCP , Germaine Kit-Ming Lam MNurs , Lithia Lai-Ha Yuen MNurs , Wan-Mui Chan PhD , Allen Wing-Ho Chu MSc , Jonathan Daniel Ip MSc , Hoi-Wah Tsoi MPhil , Simon Yung-Chun So MSc , Kelvin Hei-Yeung Chiu FRCPath , Kwok-Yung Yuen MD , Kelvin Kai-Wang To MD , Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng MD

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：在非典型肺炎爆发期间，SARS-CoV-2 在空气中扩散的持续时间和规模仍不确定。本研究评估了移动式模块化高效微粒空气过滤器（MMHU）对 SARS-CoV-2 空气扩散的影响：方法：我们调查了某医务室爆发的COVID-19疫情。空气样本中的 SARS-CoV-2 病毒载量（VL）与使用或未使用 MMHU 的鼻咽拭子（NPS）中的病毒载量相关。对这些样本进行了全基因组测序（WGS）和系统发育分析：疫情宣布后（2024 年 8 月 2 日，第 0 天），在第 4 天之前，2B 病房（19 名男性）和 2C 病房（25 名女性）的 63 名患者中有 44 人（69.8%）感染了 COVID-19。直至第 11 天（2B 病房）和第 20 天（2C 病房），空氣中仍可檢測到 SARS-CoV-2 的 VL。在 2C 中，空气样本的 VL 与第 5、7、10 和 13 天采集的 NPS 中的 VL 显著相关（r= -0.975，p=0.004）。使用 MMHU，第 5 至 10 天，2B 的 SARS-CoV-2 RNA（拷贝数/1,000 升空气/病人）的日平均比率比 2C 低 5 倍。WGS显示，所有41株检测菌株均属于Omicron变异株KP.3.1.1，在系统发育上与普遍的社区菌株相关：结论：使用 MMHU 可减轻 SARS-CoV-2 在医院内爆发时在空气中扩散的时间和规模。

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Tracking SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the air: Lessons from a COVID-19 outbreak in an infirmary unit

Background

The duration and magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 air dispersal during nosocomial outbreaks remain uncertain. This study evaluates the impact of mobile modular high-efficiency particulate air filter units (MMHUs) on SARS-CoV-2 air dispersal.

Methods

We investigated a nosocomial COVID-19 outbreak in an infirmary unit. The viral load (VL) of SARS-CoV-2 in air samples was correlated with the VL in nasopharyngeal swabs with or without MMHU. These samples underwent whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

Results

Upon outbreak declaration (August 2, 2024, day 0), 44 (69.8%) of 63 patients acquired COVID-19 in Ward 2B (19 male) and 2C (25 female) by day 4. The VL of SARS-CoV-2 remained detectable in air until day 11 (2B) and day 20 (2C). The VL of air samples was significantly correlated with the VL in nasopharyngeal swabs collected on days 5, 7, 10, and 13 in 2C (r = − 0.975, P = .004). Using MMHU, the mean daily ratio of SARS-CoV-2 RNA (copies/1,000 L of air/patient) in 2B was 5 times lower than in 2C from days 5 to 10. Whole-genome sequencing revealed all 41 tested strains belonged to the Omicron variant, KP.3.1.1, phylogenetically related to the prevailing community strains.

Conclusions

Using MMHU mitigates the duration and magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 air dispersal during nosocomial outbreak.

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来源期刊

American journal of infection control 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

4.10%

发文量

479

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： AJIC covers key topics and issues in infection control and epidemiology. Infection control professionals, including physicians, nurses, and epidemiologists, rely on AJIC for peer-reviewed articles covering clinical topics as well as original research. As the official publication of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC)