Vesna Božić Jovanović, Ružica Trailović, Ivan Vićić, Nevena Grković, Milena Radaković, Nedjeljko Karabasil, Ana Kaić, Nikola Čobanović
{"title":"装载密度和性别对运输屠宰过程中马的福利和肉质的影响","authors":"Vesna Božić Jovanović, Ružica Trailović, Ivan Vićić, Nevena Grković, Milena Radaković, Nedjeljko Karabasil, Ana Kaić, Nikola Čobanović","doi":"10.3390/ani14213069","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to determine the effects of loading density and gender on blood welfare indicators, carcass bruises and horsemeat quality. Data were collected from twelve transports of 89 slaughter horses originating from the same collection centre. The transportation of slaughter horses at high loading densities (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), especially stallions, resulted in increased levels of lactate (<i>p</i> = 0.021), glucose (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), ceruloplasmin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and AOPP (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), but lower GSH levels (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Compared to stallions and mares, geldings subjected to high loading density (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) during transport had lower levels of the aforementioned blood metabolites. In addition, stallions exposed to a high load density (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) had the highest frequency of severe (<i>p</i> = 0.0002), large (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and circular (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) carcass bruises, which were predominantly located on the abdominal (<i>p</i> = 0.0056) and thoracic (<i>p</i> = 0.0004) wall. In contrast, a higher percentage (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) of undamaged carcasses was found in slaughter horses exposed to a low loading density (≤200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) during transport. Stallions exposed to high loading densities (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) during transport had the highest initial pH (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and ultimate pH (<i>p</i> = 0.005) in terms of <i>m. longissimus lumborum</i> and redness (<i>p</i> = 0.017), but the lowest drip loss (<i>p</i> = 0.050) and lightness (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), which, consequently, led to the highest (<i>p</i> = 0.0045) proportion of DFD-like defects in the meat quality. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that high loading densities (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), regardless of gender, negatively affect horse welfare during transport. In addition, stallions were more sensitive to poor pre-slaughter conditions and produced the lowest meat quality, while geldings were the most resistant. To determine the optimal transport density, further research is needed to determine the effects of different loading densities on the behaviour, physiology, carcass and meat quality of slaughter horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"14 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11545268/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Influence of Loading Density and Gender on the Welfare and Meat Quality of Horses During Transport for Slaughter.\",\"authors\":\"Vesna Božić Jovanović, Ružica Trailović, Ivan Vićić, Nevena Grković, Milena Radaković, Nedjeljko Karabasil, Ana Kaić, Nikola Čobanović\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/ani14213069\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>The aim of this study was to determine the effects of loading density and gender on blood welfare indicators, carcass bruises and horsemeat quality. Data were collected from twelve transports of 89 slaughter horses originating from the same collection centre. The transportation of slaughter horses at high loading densities (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), especially stallions, resulted in increased levels of lactate (<i>p</i> = 0.021), glucose (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), ceruloplasmin (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and AOPP (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), but lower GSH levels (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Compared to stallions and mares, geldings subjected to high loading density (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) during transport had lower levels of the aforementioned blood metabolites. In addition, stallions exposed to a high load density (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) had the highest frequency of severe (<i>p</i> = 0.0002), large (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and circular (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) carcass bruises, which were predominantly located on the abdominal (<i>p</i> = 0.0056) and thoracic (<i>p</i> = 0.0004) wall. In contrast, a higher percentage (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) of undamaged carcasses was found in slaughter horses exposed to a low loading density (≤200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) during transport. Stallions exposed to high loading densities (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) during transport had the highest initial pH (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and ultimate pH (<i>p</i> = 0.005) in terms of <i>m. longissimus lumborum</i> and redness (<i>p</i> = 0.017), but the lowest drip loss (<i>p</i> = 0.050) and lightness (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), which, consequently, led to the highest (<i>p</i> = 0.0045) proportion of DFD-like defects in the meat quality. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that high loading densities (>200 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), regardless of gender, negatively affect horse welfare during transport. In addition, stallions were more sensitive to poor pre-slaughter conditions and produced the lowest meat quality, while geldings were the most resistant. To determine the optimal transport density, further research is needed to determine the effects of different loading densities on the behaviour, physiology, carcass and meat quality of slaughter horses.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7955,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Animals\",\"volume\":\"14 21\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11545268/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Animals\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14213069\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Animals","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14213069","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Influence of Loading Density and Gender on the Welfare and Meat Quality of Horses During Transport for Slaughter.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of loading density and gender on blood welfare indicators, carcass bruises and horsemeat quality. Data were collected from twelve transports of 89 slaughter horses originating from the same collection centre. The transportation of slaughter horses at high loading densities (>200 kg/m2), especially stallions, resulted in increased levels of lactate (p = 0.021), glucose (p < 0.0001), ceruloplasmin (p < 0.0001) and AOPP (p < 0.0001), but lower GSH levels (p < 0.0001). Compared to stallions and mares, geldings subjected to high loading density (>200 kg/m2) during transport had lower levels of the aforementioned blood metabolites. In addition, stallions exposed to a high load density (>200 kg/m2) had the highest frequency of severe (p = 0.0002), large (p < 0.0001) and circular (p = 0.0001) carcass bruises, which were predominantly located on the abdominal (p = 0.0056) and thoracic (p = 0.0004) wall. In contrast, a higher percentage (p < 0.0001) of undamaged carcasses was found in slaughter horses exposed to a low loading density (≤200 kg/m2) during transport. Stallions exposed to high loading densities (>200 kg/m2) during transport had the highest initial pH (p < 0.0001) and ultimate pH (p = 0.005) in terms of m. longissimus lumborum and redness (p = 0.017), but the lowest drip loss (p = 0.050) and lightness (p < 0.0001), which, consequently, led to the highest (p = 0.0045) proportion of DFD-like defects in the meat quality. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that high loading densities (>200 kg/m2), regardless of gender, negatively affect horse welfare during transport. In addition, stallions were more sensitive to poor pre-slaughter conditions and produced the lowest meat quality, while geldings were the most resistant. To determine the optimal transport density, further research is needed to determine the effects of different loading densities on the behaviour, physiology, carcass and meat quality of slaughter horses.
AnimalsAgricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
16.70%
发文量
3015
审稿时长
20.52 days
期刊介绍：
Animals (ISSN 2076-2615) is an international and interdisciplinary scholarly open access journal. It publishes original research articles, reviews, communications, and short notes that are relevant to any field of study that involves animals, including zoology, ethnozoology, animal science, animal ethics and animal welfare. However, preference will be given to those articles that provide an understanding of animals within a larger context (i.e., the animals'' interactions with the outside world, including humans). There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental details and/or method of study, must be provided for research articles. Articles submitted that involve subjecting animals to unnecessary pain or suffering will not be accepted, and all articles must be submitted with the necessary ethical approval (please refer to the Ethical Guidelines for more information).
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