MXene-based micro-supercapacitors powered integrated sensing system: Progress and prospects

Integrated sensing systems are playing increasingly important roles in health monitoring as a spearhead of artificial intelligence. Rationally integrating the two key components of microsystems, that is, power sources and sensors, has become a desperate requirement. Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) with high power delivery and long operating life have emerged as the next generation of microscale power supplies. MXenes, a novel growing family of two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides, show great potential in MSCs due to their metallic conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and redox capability. Herein, the state of-the-art of MXene-based MSCs and their integrated sensing systems are briefly reviewed from the perspective of structures and functions. Firstly, the working mechanism and performance evaluation metrics of MXene are investigated. Secondly, typical fabrication technologies of MXene-based MSCs are thoroughly summarized and examined. Then, the application of MSC-powered integrated sensing systems in smart electronics is reviewed. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives in fabricating MXene-based MSCs and their self-powered integrated sensing microsystems are proposed.