疼痛会调节大脑电位和行为对不公平的反应。

Chunling Hu, Ruoxi Wu, Chenbo Wang
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摘要

疼痛最初可能有助于道德决策的演化,因为它会引起回避行为。本研究旨在通过一项行为研究来探讨疼痛是否会导致自我导向倾向,并通过一项探索性脑电图(EEG)研究来探讨疼痛如何影响道德决策,从而支持这一观点。在实验 1 中,我们招募了 34 名参与者,分别用辣椒素(疼痛条件)和护手霜(对照条件)治疗。治疗后,他们被要求完成一项第三方惩罚任务。结果显示,疼痛增加了惩罚性,减少了对任务中不公平分配的补偿。在实验 2 中,68 名接受疼痛或对照治疗的参与者参加了脑电图实验。实验结果显示,疼痛扩大了公平与不公平情境之间的晚期正电位(LPP)差异,表明疼痛个体在面对不公平分配时可能会付出更多的认知努力。同时,疼痛并不影响早期成分 P2 和内侧额叶负性,这表明对不公平的注意或预期反应不受影响。该研究表明,疼痛能有效调节对不公平的反应,表现为一种以自我为导向的方式,并对他人产生负面影响。这表明疼痛对道德决策具有潜在的进化影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Pain modulates brain potentials and behavioral responses to unfairness.

Pain may initially contribute to the evolution of moral decision-making as it elicits avoidance behavior. The current study aims to support this perspective by conducting a behavioral study to investigate whether pain leads to a self-oriented tendency and an exploratory electroencephalogram (EEG) study to examine how pain affects moral decision-making. In Experiment 1, 34 participants were recruited and treated with both capsaicin (pain condition) and hand cream (control condition) in separate days. After treatment, they were asked to complete a third-party punishment task. Results showed that pain increased punishment and decreased compensation towards unfair allocations in the task. In Experiment 2, 68 participants with either pain or control treatment participated in an EEG experiment. It revealed that pain enlarged the disparity of late positive potential (LPP) between fair and unfair situations, suggesting that individuals in pain may exert more cognitive effort when facing unfair allocations. Meanwhile, pain did not affect the early components P2 and the medial frontal negativity, indicating unaffected attentional or anticipatory responses toward unfairness. It demonstrates that pain can effectively modulate responses to unfairness, manifesting as a self-oriented approach with negative consequences for others. It suggests a potential evolutionary impact of pain on moral decisions.

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