Johanna Roche, Santosh Baniya, Suraj Bhatta, Sachin Subedi, Hannes Gatterer, Peter Rasmussen, Matthias Peter Hilty, Anne-Aylin Sigg, Santosh Timalsina, Christoph Siebenmann
{"title":"夏尔巴人在适应海拔 5400 米的环境后，血红蛋白质量明显增加，血浆体积明显收缩。","authors":"Johanna Roche, Santosh Baniya, Suraj Bhatta, Sachin Subedi, Hannes Gatterer, Peter Rasmussen, Matthias Peter Hilty, Anne-Aylin Sigg, Santosh Timalsina, Christoph Siebenmann","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00247.2024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In lowlanders, high altitude (HA) acclimatization induces hemoconcentration by reducing plasma volume (PV) and increasing total hemoglobin mass (Hb<sub>mass</sub>). Conversely, Tibetan highlanders living at HA are reported to have a similar hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) as lowlanders near sea level, and we investigated whether this reflects alterations in the PV or the Hb<sub>mass</sub> response to HA. Baseline assessment of PV and Hb<sub>mass</sub> was performed by carbon monoxide rebreathing at low altitudes (∼1,400 m) in Sherpas (an ethnic group of Tibetans living in Nepal) and native lowlanders. Participants then ascended to the Everest Base Camp (EBC) (5,400 m), where further measurements were performed after ∼2 days (EBC 1) and ∼6 wk (EBC 2). While on EBC 1 an increase in [Hb] was observed in lowlanders (<i>P</i> = 0.004) but not in Sherpas (<i>P</i> = 0.179), marked increases in [Hb] were observed in both groups on EBC 2 (<i>P</i> < 0.001). On EBC 1, Hb<sub>mass</sub> (Sherpas, <i>P</i> = 0.393; lowlanders, <i>P</i> = 0.123) and PV (Sherpas, <i>P</i> = 0.348; lowlanders, <i>P</i> = 0.172) were not different from baseline in either group, while circulating erythropoietin was increased in both groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001). On EBC 2, large increases in Hb<sub>mass</sub> and reductions in PV were observed along with elevated circulating erythropoietin in both groups (all <i>P</i> < 0.002). Neither the increases in erythropoietin on EBC 1 (<i>P</i> = 0.846) or EBC 2 (<i>P</i> = 0.564) nor the expansion of Hb<sub>mass</sub> (<i>P</i> = 0.771) or reduction in PV (<i>P</i> = 0.099) on EBC 2 differed between the groups. We conclude that the hematological response of Sherpas to extended exposure to very high altitudes does not fundamentally differ from that of native lowlanders.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> We measured the hematological response to ∼6 wk exposure to an altitude of 5,400 m in Sherpa highland natives and Nepalese lowlanders. While the increase in hemoglobin concentration at high altitudes tended to be smaller in Sherpas than in lowlanders, the two groups experienced a similar reduction in plasma volume and increase in hemoglobin mass. We conclude that the hematological response of Sherpas to high-altitude exposure does not fundamentally differ from that of lowlanders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1632-1641"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Marked hemoglobin mass expansion and plasma volume contraction in Sherpas acclimatizing to 5,400 m altitude.\",\"authors\":\"Johanna Roche, Santosh Baniya, Suraj Bhatta, Sachin Subedi, Hannes Gatterer, Peter Rasmussen, Matthias Peter Hilty, Anne-Aylin Sigg, Santosh Timalsina, Christoph Siebenmann\",\"doi\":\"10.1152/japplphysiol.00247.2024\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>In lowlanders, high altitude (HA) acclimatization induces hemoconcentration by reducing plasma volume (PV) and increasing total hemoglobin mass (Hb<sub>mass</sub>). Conversely, Tibetan highlanders living at HA are reported to have a similar hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) as lowlanders near sea level, and we investigated whether this reflects alterations in the PV or the Hb<sub>mass</sub> response to HA. Baseline assessment of PV and Hb<sub>mass</sub> was performed by carbon monoxide rebreathing at low altitudes (∼1,400 m) in Sherpas (an ethnic group of Tibetans living in Nepal) and native lowlanders. Participants then ascended to the Everest Base Camp (EBC) (5,400 m), where further measurements were performed after ∼2 days (EBC 1) and ∼6 wk (EBC 2). While on EBC 1 an increase in [Hb] was observed in lowlanders (<i>P</i> = 0.004) but not in Sherpas (<i>P</i> = 0.179), marked increases in [Hb] were observed in both groups on EBC 2 (<i>P</i> < 0.001). On EBC 1, Hb<sub>mass</sub> (Sherpas, <i>P</i> = 0.393; lowlanders, <i>P</i> = 0.123) and PV (Sherpas, <i>P</i> = 0.348; lowlanders, <i>P</i> = 0.172) were not different from baseline in either group, while circulating erythropoietin was increased in both groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001). On EBC 2, large increases in Hb<sub>mass</sub> and reductions in PV were observed along with elevated circulating erythropoietin in both groups (all <i>P</i> < 0.002). Neither the increases in erythropoietin on EBC 1 (<i>P</i> = 0.846) or EBC 2 (<i>P</i> = 0.564) nor the expansion of Hb<sub>mass</sub> (<i>P</i> = 0.771) or reduction in PV (<i>P</i> = 0.099) on EBC 2 differed between the groups. We conclude that the hematological response of Sherpas to extended exposure to very high altitudes does not fundamentally differ from that of native lowlanders.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> We measured the hematological response to ∼6 wk exposure to an altitude of 5,400 m in Sherpa highland natives and Nepalese lowlanders. While the increase in hemoglobin concentration at high altitudes tended to be smaller in Sherpas than in lowlanders, the two groups experienced a similar reduction in plasma volume and increase in hemoglobin mass. We conclude that the hematological response of Sherpas to high-altitude exposure does not fundamentally differ from that of lowlanders.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15160,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of applied physiology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1632-1641\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of applied physiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00247.2024\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/11/7 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PHYSIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of applied physiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00247.2024","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/11/7 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHYSIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Marked hemoglobin mass expansion and plasma volume contraction in Sherpas acclimatizing to 5,400 m altitude.
In lowlanders, high altitude (HA) acclimatization induces hemoconcentration by reducing plasma volume (PV) and increasing total hemoglobin mass (Hbmass). Conversely, Tibetan highlanders living at HA are reported to have a similar hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) as lowlanders near sea level, and we investigated whether this reflects alterations in the PV or the Hbmass response to HA. Baseline assessment of PV and Hbmass was performed by carbon monoxide rebreathing at low altitudes (∼1,400 m) in Sherpas (an ethnic group of Tibetans living in Nepal) and native lowlanders. Participants then ascended to the Everest Base Camp (EBC) (5,400 m), where further measurements were performed after ∼2 days (EBC 1) and ∼6 wk (EBC 2). While on EBC 1 an increase in [Hb] was observed in lowlanders (P = 0.004) but not in Sherpas (P = 0.179), marked increases in [Hb] were observed in both groups on EBC 2 (P < 0.001). On EBC 1, Hbmass (Sherpas, P = 0.393; lowlanders, P = 0.123) and PV (Sherpas, P = 0.348; lowlanders, P = 0.172) were not different from baseline in either group, while circulating erythropoietin was increased in both groups (P < 0.001). On EBC 2, large increases in Hbmass and reductions in PV were observed along with elevated circulating erythropoietin in both groups (all P < 0.002). Neither the increases in erythropoietin on EBC 1 (P = 0.846) or EBC 2 (P = 0.564) nor the expansion of Hbmass (P = 0.771) or reduction in PV (P = 0.099) on EBC 2 differed between the groups. We conclude that the hematological response of Sherpas to extended exposure to very high altitudes does not fundamentally differ from that of native lowlanders.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We measured the hematological response to ∼6 wk exposure to an altitude of 5,400 m in Sherpa highland natives and Nepalese lowlanders. While the increase in hemoglobin concentration at high altitudes tended to be smaller in Sherpas than in lowlanders, the two groups experienced a similar reduction in plasma volume and increase in hemoglobin mass. We conclude that the hematological response of Sherpas to high-altitude exposure does not fundamentally differ from that of lowlanders.
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The Journal of Applied Physiology publishes the highest quality original research and reviews that examine novel adaptive and integrative physiological mechanisms in humans and animals that advance the field. The journal encourages the submission of manuscripts that examine the acute and adaptive responses of various organs, tissues, cells and/or molecular pathways to environmental, physiological and/or pathophysiological stressors. As an applied physiology journal, topics of interest are not limited to a particular organ system. The journal, therefore, considers a wide array of integrative and translational research topics examining the mechanisms involved in disease processes and mitigation strategies, as well as the promotion of health and well-being throughout the lifespan. Priority is given to manuscripts that provide mechanistic insight deemed to exert an impact on the field.
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