空中垃圾模仿:一种由单萜烯合成酶介导的新型花朵欺骗形式

IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Ming-Fai Liu, Junhao Chen, Katherine R. Goodrich, Sung Kay Chiu, Chun-Chiu Pang, Tanya Scharaschkin, Richard M. K. Saunders
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引用次数: 0

摘要

拟态花通过与各种模型的视觉和嗅觉相似来欺骗传粉者。我们报告了一种花,它表现出类似于气生落叶的表型,并能欺骗气生落叶专业甲虫以实现授粉。我们评估了澳大利亚林下小乔木Meiogyne heteropetala(芒果科)的花表型和有效传粉媒介。我们研究了花朵与共生气生落叶在形态、颜色和气味上的相似性。通过表达模式和产物图谱确定了参与花香散发的萜烯合成酶。通过生物测定评估了授粉昆虫对各种气味的行为反应。麦角甲虫 Loberus sharpi 最有可能是有效的授粉者,因为它是雌蕊期唯一携带花粉的访客。Loberus sharpi只出现在空中垃圾和M. heteropetala花朵中。花朵提供了一个诚实的庇护所。甲虫也会在这里产卵,但大多数幼虫最终都会因花瓣掉落在森林地面上而死亡。花朵的形态和光谱反射率与空中垃圾重叠。花香以单萜烯为主,尤其是 1,8-蒎烯。辛烯合成酶 MhCINS 是唯一高表达的花萜烯合成酶,其产物特征与花香成分高度相似。M.heteropetala花的挥发性成分与其他同系物不同,与气生废弃物高度相似,表明其对气生废弃物具有亲和性。视觉和气味相似,加上幼虫存活率低,证明甲虫受骗为花授粉。行为实验表明,传粉昆虫既会被空中垃圾吸引,也会被 M. heteropetala 花吸引。甲虫还被 1,8-丁烯和花香与 MhCINS 产品的合成混合物所吸引。甲虫既不能从 MhCINS 产品中分辨出花香,也不能从 1,8-松油中分辨出花香,这表明仅 MhCINS 就足以通过嗅觉吸引授粉昆虫。不过,甲虫更喜欢空中垃圾而不是花朵。甲虫可能将花朵归类为一般的育雏基质,而不是最喜欢的育雏基质。综述。本研究首次报道了气生垃圾的花朵拟态现象,并描述了造成嗅觉拟态的生化过程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Aerial litter mimicry: A novel form of floral deception mediated by a monoterpene synthase

Aerial litter mimicry: A novel form of floral deception mediated by a monoterpene synthase

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来源期刊
Journal of Ecology
Journal of Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
5.50%
发文量
207
审稿时长
3.0 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Ecology publishes original research papers on all aspects of the ecology of plants (including algae), in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. We do not publish papers concerned solely with cultivated plants and agricultural ecosystems. Studies of plant communities, populations or individual species are accepted, as well as studies of the interactions between plants and animals, fungi or bacteria, providing they focus on the ecology of the plants. We aim to bring important work using any ecological approach (including molecular techniques) to a wide international audience and therefore only publish papers with strong and ecological messages that advance our understanding of ecological principles.
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