行星边界指引人类在地球上的未来

Johan Rockström, Jonathan F. Donges, Ingo Fetzer, Maria A. Martin, Lan Wang-Erlandsson, Katherine Richardson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类的压力将地球系统推向了 "人类世",威胁着地球系统的稳定性、复原力和功能。行星边界(PB)框架正是针对这些威胁而提出的,它为生物物理系统和过程设定了安全等级,从而极有可能确保在类似全新世的条件下维持生命。在本《综述》中,我们总结了地球观测框架的进展,详细介绍了其在科学学科和社会中的出现和主流化情况。这九个 PB 涵盖了调节地球系统的关键功能。其中六项的安全运行空间已被超越。行星边界科学对于防止进一步的地球系统风险至关重要,并引发了关于安全边界精确性的新研究。在地球边界内的人类发展定义了可持续发展,为社会科学的进步提供了信息。每个 PB 都意味着世界必须在有限的预算范围内运作,这就要求加强全球治理。地球疆界框架已被企业采用,并为世界各地的政策提供了依据,为有关基本正义问题的新思维提供了信息,并启发了地球公域、地球健康和甜甜圈经济学等概念。未来的工作必须提高行星边界分析的精度和频率,并与地球观测数据分析相结合,生成高分辨率的实时行星健康状况。行星边界(Planetary Boundary,PB)框架为维护人类的安全运行空间提供了保障,受到了科学界和社会的广泛关注。本综述概述了行星边界思维的出现和主流化,包括与地球系统科学、正义、治理、经济学和可持续性的相关性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Planetary Boundaries guide humanity’s future on Earth

Planetary Boundaries guide humanity’s future on Earth
Human pressures have pushed the Earth system deep into the Anthropocene, threatening its stability, resilience and functioning. The Planetary Boundaries (PB) framework emerged against these threats, setting safe levels to the biophysical systems and processes that, with high likelihood, ensure life-supporting Holocene-like conditions. In this Review, we synthesize PB advancements, detailing its emergence and mainstreaming across scientific disciplines and society. The nine PBs capture the key functions regulating the Earth system. The safe operating space has been transgressed for six of these. PB science is essential to prevent further Earth system risks and has sparked new research on the precision of safe boundaries. Human development within planetary boundaries defines sustainable development, informing advances in social sciences. Each PB translates to a finite budget that the world must operate within, requiring strengthened global governance. The PB framework has been adopted by businesses and informed policy across the world, informing new thinking about fundamental justice concerns, and has inspired, among other concepts, the planetary commons, planetary health and doughnut economics. Future work must increase the precision and frequency of PB analyses, and, together with Earth observation data analytics, produce a high-resolution and real-time state of planetary health. The Planetary Boundary (PB) framework — which provides guardrails to maintain the safe operating space for humanity — has received widespread scientific and societal interest. This Review outlines the emergence and mainstreaming of PB thinking, including relevance to Earth system science, justice, governance, economics and sustainability.
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