A review on Ti3C2Tx based nanocomposites for the electrochemical sensing of clinically relevant biomarkers

Reckoning the significance of next-generation biosensors and point-of-care sensors, scientists are interested in developing superior nanomaterials with advantageous characteristics that can serve as electrode modifiers in the development of functional devices. MXenes are a broad class of two-dimensional metal carbides and nitrides characterized by their exceptional hydrophilicity, high specific surface area, and high conductivity. MXenes and their derived nanocomposites are presently gaining importance as electrode materials for the electrochemical detection of various biomarkers. This review assesses and summarises current notable accomplishments in the concepts, fabrication, and diverse applications of MXene-based nanocomposites for electrochemical monitoring of a variety of clinically relevant biomarkers. Furthermore, an outline of the existing impediments linked to technological advancement is included, accompanied by proposals for further investigation into the issues.