改进粪肥管理，使环境指标之间的权衡和协同关系朝着理想的方向发展

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1016/j.agsy.2024.104170

Qingbo Qu , Jeroen C.J. Groot , Keqiang Zhang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

内容提要高饲养密度的奶牛生产系统严重依赖外部饲料资源，并将粪便中的养分集中在较小的表面积上，因此给环境带来了挑战。改进粪便管理和农作物与奶牛生产一体化被认为是减少养分损失和提高集约化奶牛生产可持续性的方法。本研究旨在调查不同的粪肥管理技术如何影响粪肥管理和牧场层面的养分损失，以及粪肥管理如何影响牧场多目标优化结果，以实现更多的作物-乳制品一体化生产。方法使用扩展了粪肥管理模块（FarmM3）的整个牧场模型（FarmDESIGN）来模拟一个拥有 66 头奶牛和 9.6 公顷作物面积的集约化作物-乳制品混合牧场。结果和结论结果表明，由于补偿损失，单独的粪肥管理技术不足以减少粪肥管理链中的氮损失，而泥浆固液分离、固体和液体馏分的覆盖式储存以及改进的粪肥施用组合可显著减少 46% 至 58% 的氮损失，并将粪肥的氮利用效率提高 30% 以上。在不降低牲畜密度的情况下，改进粪肥管理不会影响农场的总氮损失。多目标优化表明，改进粪肥管理并不能消除目标间的权衡或协同作用，但会影响目标间解决方案边界的位置和斜率。替代牧场配置在氮挥发、土壤氮损失和土壤有机质（OM）平衡方面的解前沿差异表明，可以有效设计粪肥管理链（MMC）来优化这些目标。对于土地供应有限的集约型奶牛场，未来的研究应侧重于在区域范围内重新耦合作物和奶牛生产，以创建更具可持续性和复原力的粮食生产系统。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Improved manure management moves trade-off and synergy relationships among environmental indicators in desirable directions

查看原文本刊更多论文

Improved manure management moves trade-off and synergy relationships among environmental indicators in desirable directions

CONTEXT

Dairy production systems with a high stocking density are strongly dependent on external feed resources and concentrate nutrients in manure on a small surface area, thus causing environmental challenges. Both improved manure management and integration of crop-dairy production have been proposed as ways to reduce nutrient losses and improve sustainability of intensive dairy production. However, the potential interactive relationships between these two options are rarely investigated.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate how different manure management technologies influence nutrient losses at manure management and farm levels and how manure management impacts farm multi-objective optimization results for more integrated crop-dairy production.

METHODS

A whole farm model (FarmDESIGN) extended with a manure management module (FarmM3) was used to simulate an intensive mixed crop-dairy farm with a herd of 66 cows and 9.6 ha of crop area. The optimization aimed to improve farm environmental performance, increase feed self-sufficiency and food production.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

The results showed that individual manure management technologies were insufficient to reduce nitrogen (N) losses from manure management chains due to compensatory losses, whereas combinations of slurry solid-liquid separation, covered storage of solid and liquid fractions, and improved manure application could remarkably reduce N losses by 46 to 58 % and increase manure N use efficiencies by more than 30 %. Improved manure management did not influence total N losses at farm level without decreasing livestock density. Multi-objective optimization showed that improved manure management did not eliminate trade-offs or synergies among objectives but did affect the positions and the slopes of the solution frontiers between objectives. Differences between solution frontiers of alternative farm configurations in terms of N volatilization, soil N losses and soil organic matter (OM) balance indicated that manure management chains (MMCs) could be designed effectively to optimize these objectives.

SIGNIFICANCE

This study confirmed the value of improved manure management and integrated crop-dairy production in reducing N losses and improving farm nutrient use efficiency. For intensive dairy farms with limited land availability, future studies should focus on recoupling crop and dairy production at regional scales to create more sustainable and resilient food production systems.

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来源期刊

Agricultural Systems 农林科学-农业综合

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

7.60%

发文量

174

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： Agricultural Systems is an international journal that deals with interactions - among the components of agricultural systems, among hierarchical levels of agricultural systems, between agricultural and other land use systems, and between agricultural systems and their natural, social and economic environments. The scope includes the development and application of systems analysis methodologies in the following areas: Systems approaches in the sustainable intensification of agriculture; pathways for sustainable intensification; crop-livestock integration; farm-level resource allocation; quantification of benefits and trade-offs at farm to landscape levels; integrative, participatory and dynamic modelling approaches for qualitative and quantitative assessments of agricultural systems and decision making; The interactions between agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes; the multiple services of agricultural systems; food security and the environment; Global change and adaptation science; transformational adaptations as driven by changes in climate, policy, values and attitudes influencing the design of farming systems; Development and application of farming systems design tools and methods for impact, scenario and case study analysis; managing the complexities of dynamic agricultural systems; innovation systems and multi stakeholder arrangements that support or promote change and (or) inform policy decisions.