Posterior rectal advancement with fistula preservation in patients with anorectal malformation. A multicenter study.

Background: Anorectal malformations (ARM) with rectoperineal fistula are mainly repaired with a posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP), which can be challenging given the proximity of the fistula to the vagina and urethra. The posterior rectal advancement anoplasty (PRAA), preserves the anterior wall of the fistula without leaving an anterior or a posterior sagittal incision. It is indicated for selected cases of ARM with rectoperineal fistula in which the anterior aspect of the fistula is partially surrounded by sphincter complex.

Methods: Multicentre and retrospective study of patients with rectoperineal fistula treated with PRAA. We analysed gender, associated malformations, age, operative time, short and long-term results, and complications.

Results: 18 patients aged 93.5 (1.75-312) days underwent PRAA. Surgical time was 35 (25-45) minutes and feeding was started at 24 (5-48) hours postoperatively. There were no vaginal or urethral injuries, no wound infections or dehiscenses. Throughout the 38 (12.75-45.50) months of follow-up there were no anal strictures. All patients are passing stool, 11 (61%) of them with the need of a low dose stool softener.

Conclusion: Selected patients with rectoperineal fistula can be treated with PRAA with a shorter surgical time and hospital stay. This technique provides good results and lower risk of injury to neighbouring structures.