从预防性实践的角度解读欧洲 50 岁及以上人群对 COVID-19 疫苗的犹豫态度

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126485

K. Delaruelle , E. Lermytte , M. Bockstal , P. Vuolanto , P. Bracke

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景COVID-19大流行凸显了疫苗犹豫不决的问题，促使研究人员开始研究人们是否愿意接种COVID-19疫苗的决定因素。本研究借鉴 "文化健康资本 "的理论概念，首次从个人和环境两个层面全面研究了预防性实践的作用。方法利用健康、老龄化和退休调查（SHARE）的数据（涵盖居住在 25 个欧洲国家的 18,454 名 50 岁及以上人士的信息），我们研究了过去参与的预防性实践以及这些实践在一个国家的流行程度对接种 COVID-19 疫苗的可能性的影响。我们的分析包括：(i) 以前的疫苗接种行为；(ii) 其他医疗保健相关行为；(iii) 个人和环境层面的生活方式因素。结果在个人层面，几乎所有的预防行为都与人们接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿显著相关。(i)在 COVID-19 爆发前和儿童时期接种过流感疫苗的人，(ii)终生定期参加牙科和血压检查的人，以及(iii)没有与生活方式相关的危险行为的人，更有可能接受 COVID-19 疫苗。值得注意的是，酗酒与疫苗接种的关系不大。结论积极参加预防性实践和有效开展疫苗接种活动有助于发展（制度性）文化健康资本，最终促进人们更愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗。

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Unraveling COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Europeans 50 and older through a lens of preventive practices

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the issue of vaccine hesitancy, leading researchers to study the determinants of people's willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. This study is the first to comprehensively investigate the role of preventive practices at both the individual and contextual level, drawing on the theoretical concept of “cultural health capital”.

Methods

Utilizing data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement (SHARE), covering information from 18,454 individuals aged 50 years and above residing in 25 European countries, we examined the influence of past engagement in preventive practices and the prevalence of such practices within a country on the likelihood of COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Our analysis included (i) previous vaccination behaviors, (ii) other healthcare-related behaviors, and (iii) lifestyle factors at both the individual and contextual levels. Leveraging the longitudinal design of the SHARE, we accounted for the temporal ordering of the relationships.

Results

At the individual level, almost all preventive behaviors were significantly related to people's willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Individuals who (i) had received an influenza vaccination prior to the COVID-19 outbreak and during childhood, (ii) had regularly participated in dental and blood pressure check-ups throughout their lives, and (iii) did not engage in lifestyle-related risk behaviors, were more likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. Notably, alcohol use was not significantly associated. At the contextual level, only the vaccination coverage rate for influenza was found to be robustly related, indicating that individuals were more inclined to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in countries with higher influenza vaccination rates prior to the pandemic.

Conclusion

Active participation in preventive practices and effective implementation of vaccination campaigns can contribute to the development of (institutional) cultural health capital, which ultimately promotes a greater willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19.

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

期刊介绍： Vaccine is unique in publishing the highest quality science across all disciplines relevant to the field of vaccinology - all original article submissions across basic and clinical research, vaccine manufacturing, history, public policy, behavioral science and ethics, social sciences, safety, and many other related areas are welcomed. The submission categories as given in the Guide for Authors indicate where we receive the most papers. Papers outside these major areas are also welcome and authors are encouraged to contact us with specific questions.