利用纹理闪烁:向实用、视觉舒适和高性能干式脑电图代码-VEP BCI 迈进。

Frédéric Dehais, Kalou Cabrera Castillos, Simon Ladouce, Pierre Clisson
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摘要

反应式脑机接口(rBCIs)通常依赖于重复的视觉刺激,这会给眼睛造成负担,并导致注意力分散。为了应对这些挑战,我们提出了一种植根于视觉神经科学的新方法,即设计增强反应视觉刺激(StAR)。StAR 刺激物由随机导向的小 Gabor 或 Ricker 补丁组成,可优化眼窝神经反应,同时减少周边分散:在一项因子设计研究中,24 名配备了 8 个干电极脑电图系统的参与者将注意力集中在以三种形式呈现的一系列目标闪烁上:传统的 Plain 闪烁、基于 Gabor 或基于 Ricker 的闪烁。这些闪烁是五级编码视觉诱发电位(c-VEP)范式的一部分,具有低频、短时和非周期性视觉闪烁的特点:主观评价显示,与普通闪烁相比,Gabor 和 Ricker 刺激视觉舒适,在周边视觉中几乎不可见。此外,与普通闪烁纹理(65.6%)相比,基于 Gabor 和 Ricker 的纹理只需 88 秒的校准数据就能达到更高的准确率(分别为 93.6% 和 96.3%)。为了在自然操作中验证我们的研究结果,我们对该实验进行了后续的在线实施。在这次试验中,提示任务的准确率达到了 97.5%,异步数字编码任务的准确率达到了 94.3%,平均解码时间低至 1.68 秒:这项研究表明,通过将视觉上不显眼的系统与无凝胶、低密度脑电图技术相结合,有可能将 BCI 应用扩展到实验室以外的领域,从而使 BCI 更方便、更高效。数据集、算法和 BCI 实现可通过开放访问存储库共享。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Leveraging textured flickers: a leap toward practical, visually comfortable, and high-performance dry EEG code-VEP BCI.

Objective.Reactive brain-computer interfaces typically rely on repetitive visual stimuli, which can strain the eyes and cause attentional distraction. To address these challenges, we propose a novel approach rooted in visual neuroscience to design visual Stimuli for Augmented Response (StAR). The StAR stimuli consist of small randomly-orientedGabororRickerpatches that optimize foveal neural response while reducing peripheral distraction.Approach.In a factorial design study, 24 participants equipped with an 8-dry electrode EEG system focused on series of target flickers presented under three formats: traditionalPlainflickers,Gabor-based, orRicker-based flickers. These flickers were part of a five-class code visually evoked potentials paradigm featuring low frequency, short, and aperiodic visual flashes.Main results.Subjective ratings revealed thatGaborandRickerstimuli were visually comfortable and nearly invisible in peripheral vision compared to plain flickers. Moreover,GaborandRicker-based textures achieved higher accuracy (93.6% and 96.3%, respectively) with only 88 s of calibration data, compared to plain flickers (65.6%). A follow-up online implementation of this experiment was conducted to validate our findings within the frame of naturalistic operations. During this trial, remarkable accuracies of 97.5% in a cued task and 94.3% in an asynchronous digicode task were achieved, with a mean decoding time as low as 1.68 s.Significance.This work demonstrates the potential to expand BCI applications beyond the lab by integrating visually unobtrusive systems with gel-free, low density EEG technology, thereby making BCIs more accessible and efficient. The datasets, algorithms, and BCI implementations are shared through open-access repositories.

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