Chris J Esh, Valentin Dablainville, Feriel Dalansi, Sayyam Kathuria, Marco Cardinale
{"title":"2024 年多哈 3 公里世界水上公开水域游泳大师赛的核心温度响应。","authors":"Chris J Esh, Valentin Dablainville, Feriel Dalansi, Sayyam Kathuria, Marco Cardinale","doi":"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0240","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to characterize core-temperature (Tc) responses of swimmers competing at the 2024 3-km World Aquatics Masters Open Water Swimming Championships.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within a cross-sectional observational study design, swimmers (n = 48 [23 male, 25 female]) ingested a telemetric Tc pill 4 hours before their race. Water temperatures were 20.9 °C (male; mean wet-bulb-globe temperature 25.9 °C) and 20.5 °C (female; mean wet-bulb-globe temperature: 25.4 °C). Linear mixed models determined differences between males and females for race-start, mean in-race, and peak Tc. Random coefficient models determined relationships between (1) sex, race time, body mass index (BMI), body-mass change or age, and Tc peak; (2) sex, race time, BMI, body-mass change or age, and Tc nadir; (3) sex, Tc peak, BMI, body-mass change or age, and race time, and (4) sex, Tc peak, BMI, body-mass change, or age and race ranking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean in-race Tc was 37.8 °C (36.1-38.8 °C); however, there were highly variable individual Tc responses (-3.1 to +2.7 °C). One swimmer experienced mild hypothermia (Tc ≤ 35.0 °C), and 5 exceeded 39.0 °C, a risk factor for heat-related illness. There were no statistical differences between males and females for race-start, mean, and peak Tc (P ≥ .243). Higher peak Tc was associated with faster race time (P = .05), higher race rank (P = .027), and higher BMI (P = .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Highly variable Tc responses (-3.1 to +2.7 °C) were observed, demonstrating that organizers of mass-participation open-water swimming events should always be prepared for, and provide facilities to treat, swimmers experiencing cold-/heat-related health incidents during competition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14295,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Core-Temperature Responses at the 3-km World Aquatics Open-Water Swimming Masters Championships in Doha 2024.\",\"authors\":\"Chris J Esh, Valentin Dablainville, Feriel Dalansi, Sayyam Kathuria, Marco Cardinale\",\"doi\":\"10.1123/ijspp.2024-0240\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to characterize core-temperature (Tc) responses of swimmers competing at the 2024 3-km World Aquatics Masters Open Water Swimming Championships.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within a cross-sectional observational study design, swimmers (n = 48 [23 male, 25 female]) ingested a telemetric Tc pill 4 hours before their race. Water temperatures were 20.9 °C (male; mean wet-bulb-globe temperature 25.9 °C) and 20.5 °C (female; mean wet-bulb-globe temperature: 25.4 °C). Linear mixed models determined differences between males and females for race-start, mean in-race, and peak Tc. Random coefficient models determined relationships between (1) sex, race time, body mass index (BMI), body-mass change or age, and Tc peak; (2) sex, race time, BMI, body-mass change or age, and Tc nadir; (3) sex, Tc peak, BMI, body-mass change or age, and race time, and (4) sex, Tc peak, BMI, body-mass change, or age and race ranking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean in-race Tc was 37.8 °C (36.1-38.8 °C); however, there were highly variable individual Tc responses (-3.1 to +2.7 °C). One swimmer experienced mild hypothermia (Tc ≤ 35.0 °C), and 5 exceeded 39.0 °C, a risk factor for heat-related illness. There were no statistical differences between males and females for race-start, mean, and peak Tc (P ≥ .243). Higher peak Tc was associated with faster race time (P = .05), higher race rank (P = .027), and higher BMI (P = .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Highly variable Tc responses (-3.1 to +2.7 °C) were observed, demonstrating that organizers of mass-participation open-water swimming events should always be prepared for, and provide facilities to treat, swimmers experiencing cold-/heat-related health incidents during competition.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14295,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International journal of sports physiology and performance\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1-5\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International journal of sports physiology and performance\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2024-0240\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PHYSIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International journal of sports physiology and performance","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2024-0240","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHYSIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Core-Temperature Responses at the 3-km World Aquatics Open-Water Swimming Masters Championships in Doha 2024.
Purpose: This study aimed to characterize core-temperature (Tc) responses of swimmers competing at the 2024 3-km World Aquatics Masters Open Water Swimming Championships.
Methods: Within a cross-sectional observational study design, swimmers (n = 48 [23 male, 25 female]) ingested a telemetric Tc pill 4 hours before their race. Water temperatures were 20.9 °C (male; mean wet-bulb-globe temperature 25.9 °C) and 20.5 °C (female; mean wet-bulb-globe temperature: 25.4 °C). Linear mixed models determined differences between males and females for race-start, mean in-race, and peak Tc. Random coefficient models determined relationships between (1) sex, race time, body mass index (BMI), body-mass change or age, and Tc peak; (2) sex, race time, BMI, body-mass change or age, and Tc nadir; (3) sex, Tc peak, BMI, body-mass change or age, and race time, and (4) sex, Tc peak, BMI, body-mass change, or age and race ranking.
Results: The mean in-race Tc was 37.8 °C (36.1-38.8 °C); however, there were highly variable individual Tc responses (-3.1 to +2.7 °C). One swimmer experienced mild hypothermia (Tc ≤ 35.0 °C), and 5 exceeded 39.0 °C, a risk factor for heat-related illness. There were no statistical differences between males and females for race-start, mean, and peak Tc (P ≥ .243). Higher peak Tc was associated with faster race time (P = .05), higher race rank (P = .027), and higher BMI (P = .001).
Conclusions: Highly variable Tc responses (-3.1 to +2.7 °C) were observed, demonstrating that organizers of mass-participation open-water swimming events should always be prepared for, and provide facilities to treat, swimmers experiencing cold-/heat-related health incidents during competition.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance (IJSPP) focuses on sport physiology and performance and is dedicated to advancing the knowledge of sport and exercise physiologists, sport-performance researchers, and other sport scientists. The journal publishes authoritative peer-reviewed research in sport physiology and related disciplines, with an emphasis on work having direct practical applications in enhancing sport performance in sport physiology and related disciplines. IJSPP publishes 10 issues per year: January, February, March, April, May, July, August, September, October, and November.