表征单光子雪崩二极管中后脉冲概率的改进方法

IF 3.6 2区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, APPLIED
B. Dejen, A. Vaquero-Stainer, T. S. Santana, L. Arabskyj, P. R. Dolan, C. J. Chunnilall
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引用次数: 0

摘要

单光子雪崩二极管(SPAD)是低照度传感和光子量子信息应用中的关键元件。为此,通常需要对 SPAD 进行全面鉴定,其中一个关键指标就是后脉冲概率。本研究对用于测量后脉冲概率的常用同步和非同步方法进行了详细比较。对单个 SPAD 的测量显示,两种方法获得的余脉概率不一致。通过从第一原理重新推导方程,可以追溯到非同步实验的分析方法造成的差异。研究提出了一种改进的分析方法,使非同步和同步方法之间的一致性更好。研究还就有效应用这两种方法所需的实验条件提供了指导,并详细分析了非同步方法在高光子通量下的局限性。这些发现为描述后脉冲概率和协调两种方法的结果提供了更准确的方法,从而能更好地量化 SPAD 性能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A refined method for characterizing afterpulse probability in single-photon avalanche diodes
Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are critical components in low-light-level sensing and photonic quantum information applications. For these, it is often necessary that a full characterization of the SPAD is performed, for which a key metric is the afterpulse probability. This study provides a detailed comparison of the common synchronized and non-synchronized methods used to measure afterpulse probability. Measurements on a single SPAD reveal inconsistencies between the afterpulse probabilities obtained by the two methods. By re-deriving the equations from first principles, the discrepancy is traced to the analysis approach for the non-synchronized experiment. An improved analysis approach is presented, leading to better agreement between the non-synchronized and synchronized methods. The study also provides guidance on the experimental conditions required for the valid application of both methods, along with a detailed analysis of the limitations of the non-synchronized method under high photon flux. These findings offer a more accurate approach for characterizing afterpulse probability and for reconciling the results of two methods, which enables better quantification of SPAD performance.
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来源期刊
Applied Physics Letters
Applied Physics Letters 物理-物理:应用
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
10.00%
发文量
1821
审稿时长
1.6 months
期刊介绍: Applied Physics Letters (APL) features concise, up-to-date reports on significant new findings in applied physics. Emphasizing rapid dissemination of key data and new physical insights, APL offers prompt publication of new experimental and theoretical papers reporting applications of physics phenomena to all branches of science, engineering, and modern technology. In addition to regular articles, the journal also publishes invited Fast Track, Perspectives, and in-depth Editorials which report on cutting-edge areas in applied physics. APL Perspectives are forward-looking invited letters which highlight recent developments or discoveries. Emphasis is placed on very recent developments, potentially disruptive technologies, open questions and possible solutions. They also include a mini-roadmap detailing where the community should direct efforts in order for the phenomena to be viable for application and the challenges associated with meeting that performance threshold. Perspectives are characterized by personal viewpoints and opinions of recognized experts in the field. Fast Track articles are invited original research articles that report results that are particularly novel and important or provide a significant advancement in an emerging field. Because of the urgency and scientific importance of the work, the peer review process is accelerated. If, during the review process, it becomes apparent that the paper does not meet the Fast Track criterion, it is returned to a normal track.
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