ADM 超表面上的全局位移对称性:迈向新兴引力

IF 5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Physics and Astronomy
Ki-Seok Kim, Arpita Mitra, Debangshu Mukherjee, Mitsuhiro Nishida
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引用次数: 0

摘要

广义对称性及其自发破缺是约束多体纠缠结构的基本概念,它使我们能够描述物质的量子相和突现的集体激发。例如,新兴光子可以通过自发的 1-形式对称性破缺来理解,这种破缺源于紫外微观自由度之间的长程纠缠结构。在本研究中,我们证明了新兴 "引力 "也可能以类似的方式产生,这里使用了引号来强调对称受限的引力子与通常的引力子相比表现出非常规特性。由于麦克斯韦理论中的电1-形式对称性是由电场产生的U(1)规纳场的空间分量的全局位移对称性实现的,我们证明了空间超表面上的阿诺维特-德泽-米斯纳(ADM)度量的恒定位移可以看作是由ADM典型动量产生的全局对称性。从作用的变化推导出矢量型守恒电荷,我们构建了一个位移对称算子。考虑到威克旋转,我们证明了引力威尔逊环在这个位移对称算子的作用下是带电的,从而证实了 ADM 超表面上存在广义全局对称性。基于沃德特性,我们证明了这种全局位移对称性的自发破缺可能会在超表面边界上产生一个非传播的无质量对称规量场。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Global shift symmetry on an ADM hypersurface: Toward emergent gravity
Generalized symmetries and their spontaneous breakdown serve as the fundamental concept to constrain the many-body entanglement structure, which allows us to characterize quantum phases of matter and emergent collective excitations. For example, emergent photons may be understood by spontaneous 1-form symmetry breaking, which results from a long-ranged entanglement structure between UV microscopic degrees of freedom. In this study, we show that emergent “gravity” may also arise in a similar fashion, where quotes have been used to emphasize that the symmetry-constrained gravitons show unconventional properties compared to usual gravitons. As the electric 1-form symmetry in Maxwell theory is realized as a global shift symmetry of the spatial component of the U(1) gauge field, generated by the electric field, we demonstrate that a constant shift of the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) metric on the spatial hypersurface can be viewed as a global symmetry, generated by the ADM canonical momentum. Deriving a vector-type conserved charge from the variation of action, we construct a shift symmetry operator. Considering a Wick rotation, we demonstrate that a gravitational Wilson loop is charged under the action of this shift symmetry operator, which thus confirms the existence of a generalized global symmetry on the ADM hypersurface. Based on the Ward identity, we show that the spontaneous breaking of this global shift symmetry may give rise to a nonpropagating massless symmetric gauge field at the boundary of the hypersurface.
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来源期刊
Physical Review D
Physical Review D 物理-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
9.20
自引率
36.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Physical Review D (PRD) is a leading journal in elementary particle physics, field theory, gravitation, and cosmology and is one of the top-cited journals in high-energy physics. PRD covers experimental and theoretical results in all aspects of particle physics, field theory, gravitation and cosmology, including: Particle physics experiments, Electroweak interactions, Strong interactions, Lattice field theories, lattice QCD, Beyond the standard model physics, Phenomenological aspects of field theory, general methods, Gravity, cosmology, cosmic rays, Astrophysics and astroparticle physics, General relativity, Formal aspects of field theory, field theory in curved space, String theory, quantum gravity, gauge/gravity duality.
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