M Reuel Friedman, Gina Wingood, Kristen D Krause, Sarah Krier, Gypsyamber D'souza, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Matthew J Mimiaga, Jenn Kwait, Deborah Jones, Jeremy Martinson, Ernesto T Marques, Phyllis Tien, Kathryn Anastos, Catalina Ramirez, Mardge Cohen, Marlene Camacho-Rivera, Lakshmi Goparaju, Charles R Rinaldo
{"title":"医疗不信任和疫苗恐惧态度解释了混合血统人群中 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种的差异。","authors":"M Reuel Friedman, Gina Wingood, Kristen D Krause, Sarah Krier, Gypsyamber D'souza, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Matthew J Mimiaga, Jenn Kwait, Deborah Jones, Jeremy Martinson, Ernesto T Marques, Phyllis Tien, Kathryn Anastos, Catalina Ramirez, Mardge Cohen, Marlene Camacho-Rivera, Lakshmi Goparaju, Charles R Rinaldo","doi":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004053","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To understand the extent of racial disparities in SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among PWH and those vulnerable to HIV infection and to estimate the contributions of medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes to these disparities.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Quantitative data analyses in a racially and gender diverse, mixed-serostatus prospective cohort, the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Interviewer-assisted questionnaires assessed SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, medical mistrust, and vaccine-hesitant attitudes from March 2021-September 2022 (n=3948). Longitudinal analyses assessed effects of sociodemographics on medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes. A hierarchical multivariable logistic regression assessed effects of these co-factors on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Causal mediation models assessed whether a) medical mistrust mediated the relationship between Black identity and vaccine-hesitant attitudes, and b) vaccine-hesitant attitudes mediated the relationship between Black identity and SARS-CoV-2 non-vaccination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants' mean age was 56.7; 55.3% were Black, 52.6% cisgender female, 62.6% PWH. 10.1% reported never receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations (13.4% of Black and 4.5% of white participants). Black-identified participants had higher odds of non-vaccination than white participants (aOR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.72). Medical mistrust mediated the relationship between Black identity and vaccine-hesitant attitudes, accounting for 46.0% of the effect (p < 0.0001). Vaccine-hesitant attitudes mediated the relationship between Black identity and SARS-CoV-2 non-vaccination to the extent that 57.7% (95% CI: 25.3%, 90.1%) of the disparity would be eliminated if vaccine-hesitant attitudes among Black respondents were reduced to levels reported among other racial groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings indicate a profound need to build trustworthy healthcare environments to combat medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes in Black communities in the U.S, including those affected by HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7502,"journal":{"name":"AIDS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes explain SARS-CoV-2 vaccination disparities in a mixed-serostatus cohort.\",\"authors\":\"M Reuel Friedman, Gina Wingood, Kristen D Krause, Sarah Krier, Gypsyamber D'souza, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Matthew J Mimiaga, Jenn Kwait, Deborah Jones, Jeremy Martinson, Ernesto T Marques, Phyllis Tien, Kathryn Anastos, Catalina Ramirez, Mardge Cohen, Marlene Camacho-Rivera, Lakshmi Goparaju, Charles R Rinaldo\",\"doi\":\"10.1097/QAD.0000000000004053\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To understand the extent of racial disparities in SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among PWH and those vulnerable to HIV infection and to estimate the contributions of medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes to these disparities.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Quantitative data analyses in a racially and gender diverse, mixed-serostatus prospective cohort, the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Interviewer-assisted questionnaires assessed SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, medical mistrust, and vaccine-hesitant attitudes from March 2021-September 2022 (n=3948). Longitudinal analyses assessed effects of sociodemographics on medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes. A hierarchical multivariable logistic regression assessed effects of these co-factors on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Causal mediation models assessed whether a) medical mistrust mediated the relationship between Black identity and vaccine-hesitant attitudes, and b) vaccine-hesitant attitudes mediated the relationship between Black identity and SARS-CoV-2 non-vaccination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants' mean age was 56.7; 55.3% were Black, 52.6% cisgender female, 62.6% PWH. 10.1% reported never receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations (13.4% of Black and 4.5% of white participants). Black-identified participants had higher odds of non-vaccination than white participants (aOR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.72). Medical mistrust mediated the relationship between Black identity and vaccine-hesitant attitudes, accounting for 46.0% of the effect (p < 0.0001). Vaccine-hesitant attitudes mediated the relationship between Black identity and SARS-CoV-2 non-vaccination to the extent that 57.7% (95% CI: 25.3%, 90.1%) of the disparity would be eliminated if vaccine-hesitant attitudes among Black respondents were reduced to levels reported among other racial groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings indicate a profound need to build trustworthy healthcare environments to combat medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes in Black communities in the U.S, including those affected by HIV.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7502,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"AIDS\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"AIDS\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004053\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"IMMUNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"AIDS","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000004053","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes explain SARS-CoV-2 vaccination disparities in a mixed-serostatus cohort.
Objectives: To understand the extent of racial disparities in SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among PWH and those vulnerable to HIV infection and to estimate the contributions of medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes to these disparities.
Design: Quantitative data analyses in a racially and gender diverse, mixed-serostatus prospective cohort, the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study.
Methods: Interviewer-assisted questionnaires assessed SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, medical mistrust, and vaccine-hesitant attitudes from March 2021-September 2022 (n=3948). Longitudinal analyses assessed effects of sociodemographics on medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes. A hierarchical multivariable logistic regression assessed effects of these co-factors on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Causal mediation models assessed whether a) medical mistrust mediated the relationship between Black identity and vaccine-hesitant attitudes, and b) vaccine-hesitant attitudes mediated the relationship between Black identity and SARS-CoV-2 non-vaccination.
Results: Participants' mean age was 56.7; 55.3% were Black, 52.6% cisgender female, 62.6% PWH. 10.1% reported never receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations (13.4% of Black and 4.5% of white participants). Black-identified participants had higher odds of non-vaccination than white participants (aOR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.72). Medical mistrust mediated the relationship between Black identity and vaccine-hesitant attitudes, accounting for 46.0% of the effect (p < 0.0001). Vaccine-hesitant attitudes mediated the relationship between Black identity and SARS-CoV-2 non-vaccination to the extent that 57.7% (95% CI: 25.3%, 90.1%) of the disparity would be eliminated if vaccine-hesitant attitudes among Black respondents were reduced to levels reported among other racial groups.
Conclusions: Findings indicate a profound need to build trustworthy healthcare environments to combat medical mistrust and vaccine-hesitant attitudes in Black communities in the U.S, including those affected by HIV.
期刊介绍：
Publishing the very latest ground breaking research on HIV and AIDS. Read by all the top clinicians and researchers, AIDS has the highest impact of all AIDS-related journals. With 18 issues per year, AIDS guarantees the authoritative presentation of significant advances. The Editors, themselves noted international experts who know the demands of your work, are committed to making AIDS the most distinguished and innovative journal in the field. Submitted articles undergo a preliminary review by the editor. Some articles may be returned to authors without further consideration. Those being considered for publication will undergo further assessment and peer-review by the editors and those invited to do so from a reviewer pool.
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