大容量磷酸铁锂电池两相喷出物的爆炸特性

IF 15 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Etransportation Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1016/j.etran.2024.100377

Shilin Wang , Chenyu Zhang , Dapeng Chen , Yiming Qin , Lejun Xu , Yitong Li , Qinzheng Wang , Xuning Feng , Huaibin Wang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

锂离子电池储能电站发生热失控事故时，电池会释放出大量可燃电解液蒸气和热失控气体，在密闭空间内点燃后可能引发严重的燃烧爆炸事故。随着大型储能电池的逐步发展，大型储能磷酸铁锂电池中热失控产物的成分和爆炸特性仍不明确。本文通过实验确定了340Ah磷酸铁锂电池两相爆发物质的含量和成分，并利用改进优化的20L球形爆炸参数测试系统研究了两相电池爆发的爆炸参数，揭示了两相电池爆发的爆炸规律和危害。研究表明，在两相体系爆炸中，EMC 能使两相体系爆炸性更强、威力更大，热失控气体扩大了其爆炸浓度范围。二者的耦合爆炸增强了两相喷出物的敏感性和爆炸威力。增加两相系统中任何可燃物的浓度都会导致系统的爆炸强度参数增加。然而，当可燃物浓度超过最佳爆炸浓度时，爆炸强度参数会降低，甚至不发生爆炸。爆炸强度参数和灵敏度参数对 EMC 浓度都比较敏感，EMC 浓度越高，对两相体系爆炸的主导作用越强。该工作可为揭示锂离子电池储能电站爆炸事故的致灾机理奠定基础，指导储能系统的安全设计和爆炸事故的防控，为储能电站爆炸事故的调查提供理论和数据支持。

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Explosion characteristics of two-phase ejecta from large-capacity lithium iron phosphate batteries

When a thermal runaway accident occurs in a lithium-ion battery energy storage station, the battery emits a large amount of flammable electrolyte vapor and thermal runaway gas, which may cause serious combustion and explosion accidents when they are ignited in a confined space. With the gradual development of large-scale energy storage batteries, the composition and explosive characteristics of thermal runaway products in large-scale lithium iron phosphate batteries for energy storage remain unclear. In this paper, the content and components of the two-phase eruption substances of 340Ah lithium iron phosphate battery were determined through experiments, and the explosion parameters of the two-phase battery eruptions were studied by using the improved and optimized 20L spherical explosion parameter test system, which reveals the explosion law and hazards of the two-phase battery eruptions. Studies have shown that in a two-phase system explosion, EMC can make the two-phase system more explosive and more powerful, and the thermal runaway gas expands its explosion concentration range. The coupling explosion of the two enhanced the sensitivity and explosive power of the two-phase ejecta. Increasing the concentration of any combustible in a two-phase system will cause the explosion intensity parameters of the system to increase. However, when the combustible concentration exceeds the optimal explosion concentration, the explosion intensity parameters will decrease or even no explosion will occur. Both explosion intensity parameters and sensitivity parameters are more sensitive to EMC concentration, and the higher the EMC concentration, the stronger its dominant role in the explosion of the two-phase system. This work can lay the foundation for revealing the disaster-causing mechanism of explosion accidents in lithium-ion battery energy storage power stations, guide the safe design of energy storage systems and the prevention and control of explosion accidents, and provide theoretical and data support for the investigation of explosion accidents in energy storage power stations.

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来源期刊

Etransportation Engineering-Automotive Engineering

CiteScore

19.80

自引率

12.60%

发文量

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： eTransportation is a scholarly journal that aims to advance knowledge in the field of electric transportation. It focuses on all modes of transportation that utilize electricity as their primary source of energy, including electric vehicles, trains, ships, and aircraft. The journal covers all stages of research, development, and testing of new technologies, systems, and devices related to electrical transportation. The journal welcomes the use of simulation and analysis tools at the system, transport, or device level. Its primary emphasis is on the study of the electrical and electronic aspects of transportation systems. However, it also considers research on mechanical parts or subsystems of vehicles if there is a clear interaction with electrical or electronic equipment. Please note that this journal excludes other aspects such as sociological, political, regulatory, or environmental factors from its scope.