蝙蝠翼膜内前肢和后肢比例的进化整合抑制了生态适应性

IF 13.9 1区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Andrew Orkney, David B. Boerma, Brandon P. Hedrick
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引用次数: 0

摘要

蝙蝠和鸟类在飞行方面的进化是趋同的,据推测,这需要翅膀和腿部进化的模块化解耦。尽管有大量证据支持鸟类的这一解释,但还没有系统性的尝试来确定蝙蝠四肢骨骼的模块化组织。在这里,我们展示了具有系统发育代表性和生态多样性的蝙蝠四肢骨骼测量数据集,这些数据来自 111 个现存蝙蝠物种。我们将这一数据集与 149 种鸟类的数据集进行了比较,众所周知,鸟类表现出模块化进化和解剖学上区域化的骨骼适应性。我们证明,与鸟类不同,冠蝠的形态多样化与前肢和后肢内部及之间的强大性状整合有关。蝙蝠四肢骨骼的不同区域适应不同生态活动的变化,远端翅膀的适应适应了飞行方式的多样性,而拇指和后肢则在促进对栖息习性变化的适应性反应方面发挥了重要作用。我们认为翼膜加强了整个蝙蝠骨骼的进化整合,突出表明蝙蝠拇指的进化与其他肢骨比例的进化关联较小。我们提出,强大的肢体整合抑制了蝙蝠的适应性反应,从而解释了蝙蝠与鸟类相比表型进化速度较低和进化动态相对单一的原因。因此,由膜翅实现的动力飞行不仅是蝙蝠的一项关键创新,也是它们的决定性抑制因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Evolutionary integration of forelimb and hindlimb proportions within the bat wing membrane inhibits ecological adaptation

Evolutionary integration of forelimb and hindlimb proportions within the bat wing membrane inhibits ecological adaptation

Bats and birds are defined by their convergent evolution of flight, hypothesized to require the modular decoupling of wing and leg evolution. Although a wealth of evidence supports this interpretation in birds, there has been no systematic attempt to identify modular organization in the bat limb skeleton. Here we present a phylogenetically representative and ecologically diverse collection of limb skeletal measurements from 111 extant bat species. We compare this dataset with a compendium of 149 bird species, known to exhibit modular evolution and anatomically regionalized skeletal adaptation. We demonstrate that, in contrast to birds, morphological diversification across crown bats is associated with strong trait integration both within and between the forelimb and hindlimb. Different regions of the bat limb skeleton adapt to accommodate variation in distinct ecological activities, with flight-style variety accommodated by adaptation of the distal wing, while the thumb and hindlimb play an important role facilitating adaptive responses to variation in roosting habits. We suggest that the wing membrane enforces evolutionary integration across the bat skeleton, highlighting that the evolution of the bat thumb is less correlated with the evolution of other limb bone proportions. We propose that strong limb integration inhibits bat adaptive responses, explaining their lower rates of phenotypic evolution and relatively homogeneous evolutionary dynamics in contrast to birds. Powered flight, enabled by the membranous wing, is therefore not only a key bat innovation but their defining inhibition.

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来源期刊
Nature ecology & evolution
Nature ecology & evolution Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
22.20
自引率
2.40%
发文量
282
期刊介绍: Nature Ecology & Evolution is interested in the full spectrum of ecological and evolutionary biology, encompassing approaches at the molecular, organismal, population, community and ecosystem levels, as well as relevant parts of the social sciences. Nature Ecology & Evolution provides a place where all researchers and policymakers interested in all aspects of life's diversity can come together to learn about the most accomplished and significant advances in the field and to discuss topical issues. An online-only monthly journal, our broad scope ensures that the research published reaches the widest possible audience of scientists.
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