超流体4He中的轴子和暗费米子电磁形式因子

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 Physics and Astronomy

Physical Review D Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI:10.1103/physrevd.110.075043

Wei Chao, Si-Chun Sun, Xin Wang, Chen-Hui Xie

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The phonon induced by a sub-GeV fermionic DM scattering off the superfluid can be described using the effective field theory with the interaction between DM and the bulk <mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"17\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" overflow=\"linebreak\" role=\"tree\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 100.7%;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math data-semantic-structure=\"(5 0 1 2 3 4)\"><mjx-mrow><mjx-mmultiscripts data-semantic-children=\"0,1,2,3,4\" data-semantic-collapsed=\"(5 0 1 2 3 4)\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"0 1 2 3 4\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-speech=\"Superscript 4 Baseline upper H e\" data-semantic-type=\"tensor\"><mjx-prescripts style=\"vertical-align: 0.384em;\"><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-mrow size=\"s\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"leftsuper\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"><mjx-c>4</mjx-c></mjx-mn></mjx-mrow></mjx-cell></mjx-row><mjx-row style=\"height: 0.631em;\"></mjx-row><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-none data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"leftsub\" data-semantic-type=\"empty\" size=\"s\"></mjx-none></mjx-cell></mjx-row></mjx-prescripts><mjx-mrow><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.657em;\">H</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.657em;\">e</mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-mrow><mjx-scripts style=\"vertical-align: 0.384em;\"><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-none data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"rightsuper\" data-semantic-type=\"empty\" size=\"s\"></mjx-none></mjx-cell></mjx-row><mjx-row style=\"height: 0.631em;\"></mjx-row><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-none data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"5\" data-semantic-role=\"rightsub\" data-semantic-type=\"empty\" size=\"s\"></mjx-none></mjx-cell></mjx-row></mjx-scripts></mjx-mmultiscripts></mjx-mrow></mjx-math></mjx-container>. Signals arising from the electromagnetic form factors of light DM in the presence of an external electric field are calculated. Projected constraints on the charge radius, anapole moment, and magnetic moment of the DM are derived with <mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"18\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" overflow=\"linebreak\" role=\"tree\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 100.7%;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math data-semantic-structure=\"(10 0 1 2 (6 3 4 5))\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-children=\"0,1,2,6\" data-semantic-collapsed=\"(10 (c 7 8 9) 0 1 2 6)\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"0 1 2 6\" data-semantic-role=\"text\" data-semantic-speech=\"1 k g dot y r\" data-semantic-type=\"punctuated\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"10\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"><mjx-c>1</mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-mtext data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"10\" data-semantic-role=\"space\" data-semantic-type=\"text\" style='font-family: MJX-STX-ZERO, \"Helvetica Neue\", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;'><mjx-utext style=\"font-size: 90.6%; padding: 0.828em 0px 0.221em; width: 3px;\" variant=\"-explicitFont\"> </mjx-utext></mjx-mtext><mjx-mtext data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"10\" data-semantic-role=\"space\" data-semantic-type=\"text\" style='font-family: MJX-STX-ZERO, \"Helvetica Neue\", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;'><mjx-utext style=\"font-size: 90.6%; padding: 0.828em 0px 0.221em; width: 3px;\" variant=\"-explicitFont\"> </mjx-utext></mjx-mtext><mjx-mrow data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic-children=\"3,5\" data-semantic-content=\"4\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\"3 4 5\" data-semantic-parent=\"10\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"6\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.706em;\">k</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.706em;\">g</mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,·\" data-semantic-parent=\"6\" data-semantic-role=\"multiplication\" data-semantic-type=\"operator\" space=\"3\"><mjx-c>·</mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"6\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\" space=\"3\"><mjx-c noic=\"true\" style=\"padding-top: 0.488em;\">y</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\"padding-top: 0.488em;\">r</mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-mrow></mjx-mrow></mjx-math></mjx-container> exposure. The phonon signal induced by the scattering of ALPs off the superfluid is also calculated, which can put competitive and the first direct detection bounds on ALP-photon-dark photon couplings in the projected experiments.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Axion and dark fermion electromagnetic form factors in superfluid4He\",\"authors\":\"Wei Chao, Si-Chun Sun, Xin Wang, Chen-Hui Xie\",\"doi\":\"10.1103/physrevd.110.075043\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Condensed matter materials have shown great potential in searching for light dark matter (DM) via detecting the phonon or magnon signals induced by the scattering of DM off the materials. In this paper, we study the possibility of detecting electromagnetic form factors of fermionic DM and axionlike particles (ALPs) using superfluid <mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\\\"16\\\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\\\"1\\\" jax=\\\"CHTML\\\" overflow=\\\"linebreak\\\" role=\\\"tree\\\" sre-explorer- style=\\\"font-size: 100.7%;\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\"><mjx-math data-semantic-structure=\\\"(5 0 1 2 3 4)\\\"><mjx-mrow><mjx-mmultiscripts data-semantic-children=\\\"0,1,2,3,4\\\" data-semantic-collapsed=\\\"(5 0 1 2 3 4)\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\\\"0 1 2 3 4\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"unknown\\\" data-semantic-speech=\\\"Superscript 4 Baseline upper H e\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"tensor\\\"><mjx-prescripts style=\\\"vertical-align: 0.384em;\\\"><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-mrow size=\\\"s\\\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-font=\\\"normal\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"leftsuper\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"number\\\"><mjx-c>4</mjx-c></mjx-mn></mjx-mrow></mjx-cell></mjx-row><mjx-row style=\\\"height: 0.631em;\\\"></mjx-row><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-none data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"leftsub\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"empty\\\" size=\\\"s\\\"></mjx-none></mjx-cell></mjx-row></mjx-prescripts><mjx-mrow><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\\\"normal\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"unknown\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"identifier\\\"><mjx-c noic=\\\"true\\\" style=\\\"padding-top: 0.657em;\\\">H</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\\\"padding-top: 0.657em;\\\">e</mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-mrow><mjx-scripts style=\\\"vertical-align: 0.384em;\\\"><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-none data-semantic-added=\\\"true\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"rightsuper\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"empty\\\" size=\\\"s\\\"></mjx-none></mjx-cell></mjx-row><mjx-row style=\\\"height: 0.631em;\\\"></mjx-row><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-none data-semantic-added=\\\"true\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"rightsub\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"empty\\\" size=\\\"s\\\"></mjx-none></mjx-cell></mjx-row></mjx-scripts></mjx-mmultiscripts></mjx-mrow></mjx-math></mjx-container>. The phonon induced by a sub-GeV fermionic DM scattering off the superfluid can be described using the effective field theory with the interaction between DM and the bulk <mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\\\"17\\\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\\\"1\\\" jax=\\\"CHTML\\\" overflow=\\\"linebreak\\\" role=\\\"tree\\\" sre-explorer- style=\\\"font-size: 100.7%;\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\"><mjx-math data-semantic-structure=\\\"(5 0 1 2 3 4)\\\"><mjx-mrow><mjx-mmultiscripts data-semantic-children=\\\"0,1,2,3,4\\\" data-semantic-collapsed=\\\"(5 0 1 2 3 4)\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\\\"0 1 2 3 4\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"unknown\\\" data-semantic-speech=\\\"Superscript 4 Baseline upper H e\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"tensor\\\"><mjx-prescripts style=\\\"vertical-align: 0.384em;\\\"><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-mrow size=\\\"s\\\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-font=\\\"normal\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"leftsuper\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"number\\\"><mjx-c>4</mjx-c></mjx-mn></mjx-mrow></mjx-cell></mjx-row><mjx-row style=\\\"height: 0.631em;\\\"></mjx-row><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-none data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"leftsub\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"empty\\\" size=\\\"s\\\"></mjx-none></mjx-cell></mjx-row></mjx-prescripts><mjx-mrow><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\\\"normal\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"unknown\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"identifier\\\"><mjx-c noic=\\\"true\\\" style=\\\"padding-top: 0.657em;\\\">H</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\\\"padding-top: 0.657em;\\\">e</mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-mrow><mjx-scripts style=\\\"vertical-align: 0.384em;\\\"><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-none data-semantic-added=\\\"true\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"rightsuper\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"empty\\\" size=\\\"s\\\"></mjx-none></mjx-cell></mjx-row><mjx-row style=\\\"height: 0.631em;\\\"></mjx-row><mjx-row><mjx-cell><mjx-none data-semantic-added=\\\"true\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"5\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"rightsub\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"empty\\\" size=\\\"s\\\"></mjx-none></mjx-cell></mjx-row></mjx-scripts></mjx-mmultiscripts></mjx-mrow></mjx-math></mjx-container>. Signals arising from the electromagnetic form factors of light DM in the presence of an external electric field are calculated. Projected constraints on the charge radius, anapole moment, and magnetic moment of the DM are derived with <mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\\\"18\\\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\\\"1\\\" jax=\\\"CHTML\\\" overflow=\\\"linebreak\\\" role=\\\"tree\\\" sre-explorer- style=\\\"font-size: 100.7%;\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\"><mjx-math data-semantic-structure=\\\"(10 0 1 2 (6 3 4 5))\\\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-children=\\\"0,1,2,6\\\" data-semantic-collapsed=\\\"(10 (c 7 8 9) 0 1 2 6)\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\\\"0 1 2 6\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"text\\\" data-semantic-speech=\\\"1 k g dot y r\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"punctuated\\\"><mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\\\"clearspeak:simple\\\" data-semantic-font=\\\"normal\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"10\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"integer\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"number\\\"><mjx-c>1</mjx-c></mjx-mn><mjx-mtext data-semantic-annotation=\\\"clearspeak:unit\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"10\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"space\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"text\\\" style='font-family: MJX-STX-ZERO, \\\"Helvetica Neue\\\", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;'><mjx-utext style=\\\"font-size: 90.6%; padding: 0.828em 0px 0.221em; width: 3px;\\\" variant=\\\"-explicitFont\\\"> </mjx-utext></mjx-mtext><mjx-mtext data-semantic-annotation=\\\"clearspeak:unit\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"10\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"space\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"text\\\" style='font-family: MJX-STX-ZERO, \\\"Helvetica Neue\\\", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;'><mjx-utext style=\\\"font-size: 90.6%; padding: 0.828em 0px 0.221em; width: 3px;\\\" variant=\\\"-explicitFont\\\"> </mjx-utext></mjx-mtext><mjx-mrow data-semantic-added=\\\"true\\\" data-semantic-children=\\\"3,5\\\" data-semantic-content=\\\"4\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-owns=\\\"3 4 5\\\" data-semantic-parent=\\\"10\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"multiplication\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"infixop\\\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\\\"normal\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"6\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"unknown\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"identifier\\\"><mjx-c noic=\\\"true\\\" style=\\\"padding-top: 0.706em;\\\">k</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\\\"padding-top: 0.706em;\\\">g</mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\\\"infixop,·\\\" data-semantic-parent=\\\"6\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"multiplication\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"operator\\\" space=\\\"3\\\"><mjx-c>·</mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mi data-semantic-font=\\\"normal\\\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\\\"6\\\" data-semantic-role=\\\"unknown\\\" data-semantic-type=\\\"identifier\\\" space=\\\"3\\\"><mjx-c noic=\\\"true\\\" style=\\\"padding-top: 0.488em;\\\">y</mjx-c><mjx-c style=\\\"padding-top: 0.488em;\\\">r</mjx-c></mjx-mi></mjx-mrow></mjx-mrow></mjx-math></mjx-container> exposure. The phonon signal induced by the scattering of ALPs off the superfluid is also calculated, which can put competitive and the first direct detection bounds on ALP-photon-dark photon couplings in the projected experiments.\",\"PeriodicalId\":20167,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Physical Review D\",\"volume\":\"9 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Physical Review D\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.110.075043\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Physics and Astronomy\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physical Review D","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.110.075043","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Physics and Astronomy","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

摘要

凝聚态物质材料在通过探测DM对材料的散射所诱发的声子或磁子信号来寻找轻暗物质（DM）方面显示出巨大的潜力。在本文中，我们研究了利用超流体4He探测费米子暗物质和类轴子粒子（ALPs）的电磁形式因子的可能性。亚GeV费米子DM与超流体的散射所诱发的声子可以用有效场理论来描述DM与块体4He之间的相互作用。计算了轻DM在外部电场作用下的电磁形式因子所产生的信号。在 1 kg-yr 暴露条件下，得出了 DM 的电荷半径、无极矩和磁矩的投影约束。同时还计算了超流体ALP散射诱发的声子信号，这可以在预测实验中对ALP-光子-暗光子耦合提出有竞争力的和第一个直接探测约束。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Axion and dark fermion electromagnetic form factors in superfluid4He

Condensed matter materials have shown great potential in searching for light dark matter (DM) via detecting the phonon or magnon signals induced by the scattering of DM off the materials. In this paper, we study the possibility of detecting electromagnetic form factors of fermionic DM and axionlike particles (ALPs) using superfluid

4 H e

. The phonon induced by a sub-GeV fermionic DM scattering off the superfluid can be described using the effective field theory with the interaction between DM and the bulk

4 H e

. Signals arising from the electromagnetic form factors of light DM in the presence of an external electric field are calculated. Projected constraints on the charge radius, anapole moment, and magnetic moment of the DM are derived with

1 k g \cdot y r

exposure. The phonon signal induced by the scattering of ALPs off the superfluid is also calculated, which can put competitive and the first direct detection bounds on ALP-photon-dark photon couplings in the projected experiments.

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来源期刊

Physical Review D 物理-天文与天体物理

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

36.00%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Physical Review D (PRD) is a leading journal in elementary particle physics, field theory, gravitation, and cosmology and is one of the top-cited journals in high-energy physics. PRD covers experimental and theoretical results in all aspects of particle physics, field theory, gravitation and cosmology, including: Particle physics experiments, Electroweak interactions, Strong interactions, Lattice field theories, lattice QCD, Beyond the standard model physics, Phenomenological aspects of field theory, general methods, Gravity, cosmology, cosmic rays, Astrophysics and astroparticle physics, General relativity, Formal aspects of field theory, field theory in curved space, String theory, quantum gravity, gauge/gravity duality.