{"title":"超声波反向散射测量多晶材料的硬度梯度分布","authors":"Changze Li, Ping Chen, Tong Fu, Xin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107496","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is crucial to obtain the internal hardness distribution in polycrystalline materials to evaluate the mechanical performance of components and monitor their service life. Current methods, however, fail to meet the non-destructive evaluation needs for materials with hardness gradient distributions. This paper, based on the principle of grain boundary scattering of ultrasound in polycrystalline materials, combined with the Transverse-to-Transverse Singly-Scattered Response (T-T SSR) theory, proposes an ultrasonic SSR model adapted to hardness gradient distributions. The model elucidates the influence of hardness gradient variations and grain dispersion on ultrasonic scattering. Using DREAM.3D, seven different-scale polycrystalline volumes were constructed to assess the relevance of volume-weighted average grain size and spatial correlation of hardness gradient materials. Finally, induction quenching was applied to 40Cr to induce a gradient hardness distribution internally, followed by ultrasonic backscatter experiments. The results indicate that the theoretical model and the spatial variance of measured signals align well over a relatively long time window. For the specimen with minor curvature, the theoretical hardness distribution obtained by the model is accurate, with an average error of 2.55 % compared to destructive testing data. However, the results for the larger curvature reveal limitations in the model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 107496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Ultrasonic backscattering measurement of hardness gradient distribution in polycrystalline materials\",\"authors\":\"Changze Li, Ping Chen, Tong Fu, Xin Yu\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107496\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>It is crucial to obtain the internal hardness distribution in polycrystalline materials to evaluate the mechanical performance of components and monitor their service life. Current methods, however, fail to meet the non-destructive evaluation needs for materials with hardness gradient distributions. This paper, based on the principle of grain boundary scattering of ultrasound in polycrystalline materials, combined with the Transverse-to-Transverse Singly-Scattered Response (T-T SSR) theory, proposes an ultrasonic SSR model adapted to hardness gradient distributions. The model elucidates the influence of hardness gradient variations and grain dispersion on ultrasonic scattering. Using DREAM.3D, seven different-scale polycrystalline volumes were constructed to assess the relevance of volume-weighted average grain size and spatial correlation of hardness gradient materials. Finally, induction quenching was applied to 40Cr to induce a gradient hardness distribution internally, followed by ultrasonic backscatter experiments. The results indicate that the theoretical model and the spatial variance of measured signals align well over a relatively long time window. For the specimen with minor curvature, the theoretical hardness distribution obtained by the model is accurate, with an average error of 2.55 % compared to destructive testing data. However, the results for the larger curvature reveal limitations in the model.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23522,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ultrasonics\",\"volume\":\"146 \",\"pages\":\"Article 107496\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ultrasonics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041624X24002592\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ACOUSTICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ultrasonics","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041624X24002592","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ACOUSTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
获取多晶材料的内部硬度分布对于评估部件的机械性能和监控其使用寿命至关重要。然而,目前的方法无法满足对具有硬度梯度分布的材料进行无损评估的需求。本文基于超声波在多晶材料中的晶界散射原理,结合横向到横向单散射响应(T-T SSR)理论,提出了一种适用于硬度梯度分布的超声 SSR 模型。该模型阐明了硬度梯度变化和晶粒分散对超声散射的影响。利用 DREAM.3D,构建了七个不同尺度的多晶体,以评估硬度梯度材料的体积加权平均晶粒尺寸和空间相关性的相关性。最后,对 40Cr 进行了感应淬火,以在内部诱导硬度梯度分布,随后进行了超声反向散射实验。结果表明,在相对较长的时间窗口内,理论模型和测量信号的空间方差非常吻合。对于曲率较小的试样,模型得到的理论硬度分布是准确的,与破坏性测试数据相比,平均误差为 2.55%。然而,较大曲率的结果显示了模型的局限性。
Ultrasonic backscattering measurement of hardness gradient distribution in polycrystalline materials
It is crucial to obtain the internal hardness distribution in polycrystalline materials to evaluate the mechanical performance of components and monitor their service life. Current methods, however, fail to meet the non-destructive evaluation needs for materials with hardness gradient distributions. This paper, based on the principle of grain boundary scattering of ultrasound in polycrystalline materials, combined with the Transverse-to-Transverse Singly-Scattered Response (T-T SSR) theory, proposes an ultrasonic SSR model adapted to hardness gradient distributions. The model elucidates the influence of hardness gradient variations and grain dispersion on ultrasonic scattering. Using DREAM.3D, seven different-scale polycrystalline volumes were constructed to assess the relevance of volume-weighted average grain size and spatial correlation of hardness gradient materials. Finally, induction quenching was applied to 40Cr to induce a gradient hardness distribution internally, followed by ultrasonic backscatter experiments. The results indicate that the theoretical model and the spatial variance of measured signals align well over a relatively long time window. For the specimen with minor curvature, the theoretical hardness distribution obtained by the model is accurate, with an average error of 2.55 % compared to destructive testing data. However, the results for the larger curvature reveal limitations in the model.
期刊介绍:
Ultrasonics is the only internationally established journal which covers the entire field of ultrasound research and technology and all its many applications. Ultrasonics contains a variety of sections to keep readers fully informed and up-to-date on the whole spectrum of research and development throughout the world. Ultrasonics publishes papers of exceptional quality and of relevance to both academia and industry. Manuscripts in which ultrasonics is a central issue and not simply an incidental tool or minor issue, are welcomed.
As well as top quality original research papers and review articles by world renowned experts, Ultrasonics also regularly features short communications, a calendar of forthcoming events and special issues dedicated to topical subjects.