反思人类世:不是跨时代事件,而是地质时间尺度上的突然断裂

IF 3.3 2区 地球科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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引用次数: 0

摘要

国际地层学委员会最近决定拒绝将 "人类世 "作为一个纪元,这再次引发了关于其定义的争论。一些学者主张将 "人类世 "解释为没有具体起始点的 "事件",但这一论点有其不足之处,包括 "事件 "一词具有多重内涵。本观点为正在进行的辩论增添了重要的见解,它认为:(i) 有关人类世定义的讨论不应局限于地质和历史观点,还必须包括生态学见解;(ii) 有广泛的证据表明,人类活动对地球生物圈进行了重新配置,这意味着第六次生物大灭绝正在加速,而且在过去几十年中,人类占用净初级生产力(HANPP)以前所未有的速度显著上升。当把这些趋势与快速的人为气候变化结合起来考虑时,它们标志着在地质时间尺度上与以往趋势的重大背离,它们清楚地表明,地球生物圈最近经历了一次突然和突变,进入了一种新的状态,而这种新状态无法用一个在时间上分散的渐进事件来充分描述;必须将其概念化为一种断裂--一种在地质学上与普遍趋势的突然重大背离;这反过来又证明了将 "人类世 "概念化为一个独立的年代地层单元是合理的。了解近期人类活动对地球生物圈造成的灾难性影响对于解释 "人类世 "至关重要,地质学家必须谨慎行事,不要淡化其严重性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Rethinking the Anthropocene: Not a time-transgressive event but a sudden rupture on the geologic time scale
The recent decision by the International Commission on Stratigraphy to reject the Anthropocene as an Epoch has reignited the debate on its definition. Some scholars have argued for interpreting the Anthropocene as an Event with no specific point of onset, but this argument has its shortcomings, including the fact that the term event has multiple connotations. This Viewpoint adds important insight to the ongoing debate by positing that (i) deliberations on the Anthropocene’s definition should not be confined to geological and historical viewpoints and must include ecological insights, and (ii) there is widespread evidence of anthropogenic reconfiguration of the planetary biosphere which translates to an accelerating sixth mass extinction as well as a conspicuous rise in the Human Appropriation of Net Primary Productivity (HANPP) at an unprecedented rate during the past few decades. When considered together with rapid anthropogenic climate change, these trends mark a major departure from previous trends on the geologic timescale, and they clearly show that the planetary biosphere has recently undergone a sudden and abrupt shift into a novel state, which cannot be adequately described by a temporally diffuse, gradual event; and must be conceptualized as a rupture—a geologically sudden major departure from prevalent trends; which in turn justifies the conceptualization of the Anthropocene as a separate chronostratigraphic unit. Understanding the catastrophic nature of the recent anthropogenic impact on the planetary biosphere is crucial for interpreting the Anthropocene and geologists must be cautious not to dilute its magnitude.
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来源期刊
Anthropocene
Anthropocene Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
27
审稿时长
102 days
期刊介绍: Anthropocene is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes peer-reviewed works addressing the nature, scale, and extent of interactions that people have with Earth processes and systems. The scope of the journal includes the significance of human activities in altering Earth’s landscapes, oceans, the atmosphere, cryosphere, and ecosystems over a range of time and space scales - from global phenomena over geologic eras to single isolated events - including the linkages, couplings, and feedbacks among physical, chemical, and biological components of Earth systems. The journal also addresses how such alterations can have profound effects on, and implications for, human society. As the scale and pace of human interactions with Earth systems have intensified in recent decades, understanding human-induced alterations in the past and present is critical to our ability to anticipate, mitigate, and adapt to changes in the future. The journal aims to provide a venue to focus research findings, discussions, and debates toward advancing predictive understanding of human interactions with Earth systems - one of the grand challenges of our time.
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