Ecaterina Vasenina, Danielle A Sterner, L Colby Mangum, Jeffrey R Stout, David H Fukuda
{"title":"素食和杂食对下坡后跑步经济性和肌肉功能的影响","authors":"Ecaterina Vasenina, Danielle A Sterner, L Colby Mangum, Jeffrey R Stout, David H Fukuda","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2421535","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to examine the difference between the extent of muscle damaging exercise on muscle function variables of vegans and omnivores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty recreationally trained participants completed the study. Participants were assigned to either vegan (<i>n</i> = 10) or omnivore (<i>n</i> = 10) groups. Subjects completed a consent visit followed by 2 visits consisting of running exercise sessions and test familiarization. They returned to the laboratory for visit 4 3-5 days after visit 3 to complete the testing battery. Following the testing, the participants performed a downhill run on the treadmill at -15% grade and approximately 70% of their speed at VO2peak and repeated the testing battery upon completion. Participants were asked to track their food intake. Visits 5, 6, and 7 took place 24, 48, and 72 h following the downhill running protocol, respectively, and consisted of the same testing battery used during visit 4. The detection of differences was performed using two-way (group x time) mixed factorial ANOVA with repeated measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No group x time interactions were noted for running economy or any of the dependent variables. Main effects of time were found for muscle thickness (<i>p</i><.001) with small effect sizes (d=-0.194 to d=-0.265), pain pressure threshold (<i>p</i>=.002) with medium effect sizes (<i>d</i>=.460 to <i>d</i>=.461), NPRS scale (<i>p</i><.001) with large effect sizes (d = -0.776 to d=-1.520), and jump height (<i>p</i><.002) with small to medium effect sizes (<i>d</i>=.304 to <i>d</i>=.438). Nutritional analysis compared the two groups revealed no difference (<i>p</i>>.05) between relative intake of macronutrients and that both exceeded typical recommendations for protein (vegan group - 1.4 g/kg, omnivore group - 1.6 g/kg).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The lack of differences in recovery between the groups suggests that nutritional adequacy may play a role in recovery. Recovery from downhill running might be influenced by several factors beyond diet, such as exercise protocol intensity, individual fitness levels, and age.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effects of Vegan and Omnivore Diet on Post-Downhill Running Economy and Muscle Function.\",\"authors\":\"Ecaterina Vasenina, Danielle A Sterner, L Colby Mangum, Jeffrey R Stout, David H Fukuda\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/27697061.2024.2421535\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to examine the difference between the extent of muscle damaging exercise on muscle function variables of vegans and omnivores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty recreationally trained participants completed the study. Participants were assigned to either vegan (<i>n</i> = 10) or omnivore (<i>n</i> = 10) groups. Subjects completed a consent visit followed by 2 visits consisting of running exercise sessions and test familiarization. They returned to the laboratory for visit 4 3-5 days after visit 3 to complete the testing battery. Following the testing, the participants performed a downhill run on the treadmill at -15% grade and approximately 70% of their speed at VO2peak and repeated the testing battery upon completion. Participants were asked to track their food intake. Visits 5, 6, and 7 took place 24, 48, and 72 h following the downhill running protocol, respectively, and consisted of the same testing battery used during visit 4. The detection of differences was performed using two-way (group x time) mixed factorial ANOVA with repeated measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No group x time interactions were noted for running economy or any of the dependent variables. Main effects of time were found for muscle thickness (<i>p</i><.001) with small effect sizes (d=-0.194 to d=-0.265), pain pressure threshold (<i>p</i>=.002) with medium effect sizes (<i>d</i>=.460 to <i>d</i>=.461), NPRS scale (<i>p</i><.001) with large effect sizes (d = -0.776 to d=-1.520), and jump height (<i>p</i><.002) with small to medium effect sizes (<i>d</i>=.304 to <i>d</i>=.438). Nutritional analysis compared the two groups revealed no difference (<i>p</i>>.05) between relative intake of macronutrients and that both exceeded typical recommendations for protein (vegan group - 1.4 g/kg, omnivore group - 1.6 g/kg).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The lack of differences in recovery between the groups suggests that nutritional adequacy may play a role in recovery. Recovery from downhill running might be influenced by several factors beyond diet, such as exercise protocol intensity, individual fitness levels, and age.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":29768,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of the American Nutrition Association\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of the American Nutrition Association\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2024.2421535\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"NUTRITION & DIETETICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2024.2421535","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effects of Vegan and Omnivore Diet on Post-Downhill Running Economy and Muscle Function.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the difference between the extent of muscle damaging exercise on muscle function variables of vegans and omnivores.
Methods: Twenty recreationally trained participants completed the study. Participants were assigned to either vegan (n = 10) or omnivore (n = 10) groups. Subjects completed a consent visit followed by 2 visits consisting of running exercise sessions and test familiarization. They returned to the laboratory for visit 4 3-5 days after visit 3 to complete the testing battery. Following the testing, the participants performed a downhill run on the treadmill at -15% grade and approximately 70% of their speed at VO2peak and repeated the testing battery upon completion. Participants were asked to track their food intake. Visits 5, 6, and 7 took place 24, 48, and 72 h following the downhill running protocol, respectively, and consisted of the same testing battery used during visit 4. The detection of differences was performed using two-way (group x time) mixed factorial ANOVA with repeated measures.
Results: No group x time interactions were noted for running economy or any of the dependent variables. Main effects of time were found for muscle thickness (p<.001) with small effect sizes (d=-0.194 to d=-0.265), pain pressure threshold (p=.002) with medium effect sizes (d=.460 to d=.461), NPRS scale (p<.001) with large effect sizes (d = -0.776 to d=-1.520), and jump height (p<.002) with small to medium effect sizes (d=.304 to d=.438). Nutritional analysis compared the two groups revealed no difference (p>.05) between relative intake of macronutrients and that both exceeded typical recommendations for protein (vegan group - 1.4 g/kg, omnivore group - 1.6 g/kg).
Conclusion: The lack of differences in recovery between the groups suggests that nutritional adequacy may play a role in recovery. Recovery from downhill running might be influenced by several factors beyond diet, such as exercise protocol intensity, individual fitness levels, and age.
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