智利中北部永久性上升流区沿岸地转流对幼虫滞留的作用

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Eduardo A. Flores, Marcel Ramos, Boris Dewitte, Orlando Astudillo, Lucas Glasner
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引用次数: 0

摘要

洪堡群岛(HAp)位于智利中北部外海(南纬约 28° - 33°),是洪堡洋流系统(HCS)中最富饶的海区之一。该区域位于永久性上升流区内,两个上升流中心相距 100 公里,形成了科金博海湾系统(CBS)。由此带来的初级生产力的提高和幼虫的滞留被认为是生物多样性高的主要原因。然而,这些上升流中心是如何相互作用的仍不清楚,这是因为各种物理特征(如总环流、中尺度和亚中尺度结构(如漩涡))以及影响 HAp 幼虫迁移的远距离和局部作用力(如风、地形))相互作用。在本研究中,我们根据对卫星数据和流体力学模式输出结果的分析,重点研究了地转流和埃克曼流在控制颗粒在这些中心的滞留(和扩散)方面所起的作用。拉格朗日模型特别用于记录在选定的海洋条件下颗粒物的输送情况,这些条件与埃克曼输送或地球自养再循环是否占主导地位或被削弱相对应。埃克曼输送的纬度变化显示,每个上升流中心都有两个最大值,其空间范围不同,但强度并无差异。平均地带性地转流在每个上升流中心交替出现。拉格朗日实验结果凸显了跨岸地营流对幼体迁移的重要性,在南部上升流中心,向北部和西北部迁移的颗粒增多,而北部上升流中心(HAp 所在地)则接收来自南部的颗粒,并滞留在同一区域释放的颗粒,这与气旋性地营再循环和较低的 Ekman 迁移有关。在弛豫和下沉情况下,颗粒滞留随深度增加而增加,这揭示了风的交替对幼虫滞留的重要性。与埃克曼输送时间尺度相比,CBS 在南部可作为上升流阴影,在北部可作为上升流陷阱,在那里,陆上地转流可在更长的时间内增强幼虫的滞留和繁殖。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
On the role of onshore geostrophic flow on larval retention in a permanent upwelling zone along north-central Chile
The Humboldt Archipelago (HAp), located off north-central Chile (~28° - 33° S) is one of the most productive marine zones of the Humboldt Current System (HCS). This area lies within a permanent upwelling zone, characterized by two upwelling centers, 100 km apart, that define the Coquimbo Bays System (CBS). The resulting increase in primary productivity and larval retention are mentioned as the main factors that explain the high biodiversity. However, how these upwelling centers interact remains unclear due to the interplay of various physical features such as the general circulation, the meso- and submeso-scale structures (e.g., eddies), and remote and local forcings (e.g., winds, topography) that affect larval transport in the HAp. In this study, we focus on the role played by geostrophic and Ekman currents in controlling the retention (and dispersion) of particles in these centers based on the analyses of satellite data and hydrodynamic model outputs. Lagrangian models are in particular carried out to document particles’ transport during selected oceanic conditions corresponding to whether Ekman transport or geostrophic recirculation prevails or are debilitated. The latitudinal variation of the Ekman transport reveals two maxima at each upwelling center with differences in spatial extent but not in intensity. Mean zonal geostrophic current occurs in alternating flow at each upwelling center. Results of the Lagrangian experiments highlight the importance of the cross-shore geostrophic flow on larval transport, where an increased transport of particles to the north and northwest occurs at the southern upwelling center, while the northern upwelling center (where HAp is located) received particles from the south and retained particles released in the same area, which is related to the cyclonic geostrophic recirculation and lower Ekman transport. Particle retention increased with depth and under the relaxation and downwelling scenarios revealing the importance of wind alternation for larval retention. The CBS could act as an upwelling shadow in the south and an upwelling trap in the north where the onshore flow of geostrophic current could enhance larval retention and recruitment over longer periods when compared with the Ekman transport timescale.
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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