玉米南方锈病的高效杀菌剂筛选和田间防治效果

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2024.106997

Yigeng Wang , Yifei Shao , Xiaoyan Zhao , Qinghui Pei , Ning Nan , Fengwen Zhang , Xingyin Jiang , Xiangdong Li

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引用次数: 0

摘要

由 Puccinia dothidea 引起的南方玉米锈病正在成为中国玉米种植的主要病害之一，严重威胁着中国玉米的产量。目前，中国还没有登记防治南方玉米锈病的农药。因此，筛选出防治南方玉米锈病的高效农药，降低多茎锈病对我国玉米产量的危害迫在眉睫。本研究采用孢子萌发法室内毒力测定和2年田间药效试验，筛选出对玉米南方锈病具有良好防治效果的杀菌剂。2023 年室内毒力试验结果表明，多锈菌对苯并福美唑的 EC50 为 0.0085 mg/L，对噻虫嗪的敏感性相对较差，EC50 为 1.2585 mg/L。吡唑醚菌酯和苯并氟咪唑以 4:1 的比例混合使用，具有最佳的增效作用，EC50 为 0.0181 毫克/升，毒性系数为 128.36。田间药效试验结果表明，60 克/公顷苯醚甲环唑具有良好的田间防治效果，防治效果为 83.09%-85.95%。苯醚甲环唑 30 克/公顷和吡唑醚菌酯 93.75 克/公顷的组合防治效果最佳，防治效果为 86.92%-88.58%，对玉米安全。结果表明，施用苯醚甲环唑及其与吡唑醚菌酯的混剂对南方玉米锈病有较好的防治效果，可为生产上防治南方玉米锈病和科学用药提供理论依据。

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High-efficiency fungicide screening and field control efficacy of maize southern corn rust

Southern corn rust caused by Puccinia dothidea is becoming one of the main diseases of maize planting in China, which seriously threatens the yield of maize in China. Currently, there is no registered pesticide to control southern corn rust in China. Therefore, it is urgent to screen out efficient pesticides to control southern corn rust and reduce the harm of multistem rust to maize yield in China. In the present study, the indoor virulence determination of spore-germination method and 2 years of field efficacy tests were used to screen the fungicides with good prevention and control efficacy on maize southern rust. The results of the indoor toxicity test in 2023 showed that the EC₅₀ of P. dothidea to benzoflumizole was 0.0085 mg/L, and the sensitivity to thifluzamide was relatively poor, with an EC₅₀ of 1.2585 mg/L. The mixture of pyraclostrobin and benzoflumizole at a ratio of 4:1 had the optimal synergistic effect, with an EC₅₀ of 0.0181 mg/L and a cotoxicity coefficient of 128.36. The results of the field efficacy test revealed that 60 g/ha benzovinfluconazole had a good field control effect, and the control effect was 83.09%–85.95%. The combination of 30 g/ha benzodifluconazole and 93.75 g/ha pyraclostrobin had the optimal control effect, and the control effect was 86.92%–88.58% and safe for corn. The results indicated that the application of benzovindiflupyr and its mixture with pyraclostrobin had a good effect on the prevention and control of southern corn rust, which could provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of southern corn rust in production and scientific medication.

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来源期刊

Crop Protection 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

3.60%

发文量

200

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： The Editors of Crop Protection especially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how different control strategies can be integrated into practical pest management programs, covering high and low input agricultural systems worldwide. Crop Protection particularly emphasizes the practical aspects of control in the field and for protected crops, and includes work which may lead in the near future to more effective control. The journal does not duplicate the many existing excellent biological science journals, which deal mainly with the more fundamental aspects of plant pathology, applied zoology and weed science. Crop Protection covers all practical aspects of pest, disease and weed control, including the following topics: -Abiotic damage- Agronomic control methods- Assessment of pest and disease damage- Molecular methods for the detection and assessment of pests and diseases- Biological control- Biorational pesticides- Control of animal pests of world crops- Control of diseases of crop plants caused by microorganisms- Control of weeds and integrated management- Economic considerations- Effects of plant growth regulators- Environmental benefits of reduced pesticide use- Environmental effects of pesticides- Epidemiology of pests and diseases in relation to control- GM Crops, and genetic engineering applications- Importance and control of postharvest crop losses- Integrated control- Interrelationships and compatibility among different control strategies- Invasive species as they relate to implications for crop protection- Pesticide application methods- Pest management- Phytobiomes for pest and disease control- Resistance management- Sampling and monitoring schemes for diseases, nematodes, pests and weeds.