徒步旅行者的个人和主观规范对其环保行为的影响

IF 3.6 3区 管理学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM
Ren-Fang Chao , Leiming Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

随着人类活动对环境造成的负面影响越来越大,人们对亲环境行为(PEBs)的呼声也越来越高。该领域的大多数研究都集中于特定人类行为对环境的影响,而忽略了这些行为是如何随时间演变的。本研究旨在阐明徒步旅行者如何在日常生活中保持和实践环保行为。为了实现这一目标,本研究考察了主观规范和个人规范对日常 PEB 的影响,并采用环境意识作为中介变量。本研究招募了台湾的徒步旅行者(n = 528)作为研究对象,并采用结构方程模型对提出的假设进行了检验。结果显示,主观规范、个人规范及其交互效应都会通过环境意识间接影响 PEBs。其中,主观规范的影响远远大于个人规范的影响,这表明人们的行为受他人期望的影响比受个人信念的影响更大。这些研究结果不仅强调了主观规范和个人规范在塑造 PEB 方面的重要性,而且还揭示了在徒步旅行活动中培养起来的 PEB 可能会延伸到日常生活中的行为。自 2020 年以来,台湾的徒步旅行人数激增了 57%,导致了严重的环境退化。这一增长在很大程度上归因于人员配备不足,因为过多的徒步旅行者给现有人员带来了额外的负担和压力。因此,有必要采取措施,控制敏感地区的徒步旅行人数。此外,政府应加强对山区护林员的招聘工作,以确保足够的监督和支持。"徒步旅行活动通常发生在偏远和人口稀少的山区,那里的自然环境相对不受干扰。因此,这些地区的环境管理面临着更大的挑战。在这种情况下,地方政府应考虑通过直接和间接经验,采取以自然为导向的娱乐和旅游激活战略。这些策略可包括正式和非正式的教育计划和服务、大众传媒、互联网资源和讲解计划。在持久成果方面,建议目的地管理机构和环保组织邀请徒步旅行者参与目的地环境管理,并提供表达平台,组织公益活动(如清理山体垃圾、植树等),提供精神激励和经济回报,为旅行者提供持久成果,并持续开展 PEB(Liu 等,2024 年)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The influence of trekkers’ personal and subjective norms on their pro-environmental behaviors
The call for pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) is increasing amid the growing negative impact of human activity on the environment. Most studies in this domain have focused on the environmental impact of specific human behaviors, overlooking how these behaviors evolve over time. The purpose of this study is to elucidate how trekkers maintain and practice environmentally friendly behaviors in daily life. To achieve this goal, this study examined the influence of subjective norms and personal norms on daily PEBs and adopted environmental awareness as a mediating variable. This study recruited trekkers in Taiwan (n = 528) as the research subjects and employed structural equation modeling to test the proposed hypotheses. The results showed that subjective norms, personal norms, and their interaction effects all indirectly influenced PEBs through environmental awareness. In particular, the influence of subjective norms was much greater than that of personal norms, indicating that people's behaviors are more significantly impacted by others' expectations than by their own personal beliefs. These findings not only highlighted the importance of subjective and personal norms in shaping PEBs but also revealed that the PEBs cultivated during trekking activities may extend to behaviors in daily life.

Management implications

This study offers practical implications for management teams and practitioners at trekking destinations: they should promote daily PEBs and effective communication with trekkers. Since 2020, the number of trekkers in Taiwan has surged by 57%, resulting in significant environmental degradation. This increase can largely be attributed to insufficient staffing, as the overwhelming number of trekkers places additional burdens and stress on existing personnel. Therefore, it is essential to implement measures to regulate the number of trekkers in sensitive areas. Furthermore, the government should enhance recruitment efforts for mountain rangers to ensure adequate oversight and support.
Trekking activities often take place in remote and sparsely populated mountainous areas, where the natural environment is relatively undisturbed. As a result, environmental management faces greater challenges in these regions. In this context, local governments should consider adopting nature-oriented recreation and tourism activation strategies through direct and indirect experiences. These could include formal and informal educational programs and services, mass media, internet resources, and interpretive programs. Such initiatives aim to enhance human understanding, knowledge, and appreciation of nature, thereby shaping personal norms and subjective norms while fostering environmental awareness.
In terms of durable outcomes, it is recommended that destination management agencies and environmental protection organizations invite trekkers to participate in destination environmental management and provide a platform for expression, organize public welfare activities (such as mountain garbage cleanup, and tree planting), and provide spiritual incentives and economic rewards, durable outcomes for travelers and continued PEB (Liu et al., 2024).
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
5.30%
发文量
84
期刊介绍: Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism offers a dedicated outlet for research relevant to social sciences and natural resources. The journal publishes peer reviewed original research on all aspects of outdoor recreation planning and management, covering the entire spectrum of settings from wilderness to urban outdoor recreation opportunities. It also focuses on new products and findings in nature based tourism and park management. JORT is an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary journal, articles may focus on any aspect of theory, method, or concept of outdoor recreation research, planning or management, and interdisciplinary work is especially welcome, and may be of a theoretical and/or a case study nature. Depending on the topic of investigation, articles may be positioned within one academic discipline, or draw from several disciplines in an integrative manner, with overarching relevance to social sciences and natural resources. JORT is international in scope and attracts scholars from all reaches of the world to facilitate the exchange of ideas. As such, the journal enhances understanding of scientific knowledge, empirical results, and practitioners'' needs. Therefore in JORT each article is accompanied by an executive summary, written by the editors or authors, highlighting the planning and management relevant aspects of the article.
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