Fabrication of Luminescent Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in a Biocompatible Approach: Its Potential for Photodecomposition and Germicidal Effects

The fabrication of the green strategy of metallic oxide creation provides considerable profits via a minimum of effort, making it an acceptable substitute to the most laborious and challenging conventional processes. The suggested approach involved the creation of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles through Orthosiphon stamineus extracts of leaves. The synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) were then characterized using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM with EDX, and UV–visible spectroscopy. UV–visible spectroscopy validated the presence of optical imperfections in the TiO₂ NPs at frequencies of 286 nm. This research specifically focused on examining the photodecomposition and germicidal traits of NPs. Initiatives aimed must be made to mitigate the hazardous effects of TiO₂ NPs in an ecologically sensitive way throughout their production. Exposing the dye methylene blue (MB), a major water polluting produced by garment manufacturing, to TiO₂ NPs resulted in a considerable increase in photodecomposition efficiency. The photodecomposition process exhibited a rate of breakdown of 83%. The findings indicate that the diameter inhibition zone exhibits the most potent resistance versus pathogenic microorganisms. These results have led to the identification of a long-term, sustainable, and ecologically beneficial solution for removing pollutants from water and biological properties.