Belinda Hernandez, Ross Shegog, Christine Markham, Susan Emery, Elizabeth Baumler, Laura Thormaehlen, Rejane Andina Teixeira, Yanneth Rivera, Olive Pertuit, Chelsey Kanipe, Iraina Witherspoon, Janis Doss, Victor Jones, Melissa Peskin
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The program's goal is to increase Airmen's knowledge and skills to build and maintain respectful relationships, ultimately reducing SH and SA and enhancing Airmen's overall well-being and mission readiness.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This pilot study aimed to assess the short-term psychosocial impact (eg, knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy) of the web-based component of X-CoRe on a sample of junior enlisted and midlevel Airmen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Airmen from a military installation located in the Northeastern United States were recruited to complete the 10 web-based modules in X-CoRe (9/15, 60% male; 7/15, 54% aged 30-35 years). Participants were given pretests and posttests to measure short-term psychosocial outcomes associated with SH and SA. Descriptive statistics and paired 2-tailed t tests were conducted to assess differences from preintervention to postintervention time points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After completing X-CoRe, participants had a significantly greater understanding of active consent (P=.04), confidence in their healthy relationship skills (P=.045), and confidence to intervene as bystanders (P=.01). Although not statistically significant (P>.05), mean scores in attitudes about SH, couple violence, and cyberbullying; perceptions of sexual misconduct as part of military life; and relationship skills self-efficacy with a romantic partner and friend also improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings from this study demonstrate X-CoRe's effectiveness in improving critical determinants of SH and SA, making it a promising intervention for SH and SA prevention. More rigorous research is needed to determine X-CoRe's impact on SH and SA victimization and the long-term impact on associated psychosocial determinants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14841,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Formative Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Short-Term Outcomes of a Healthy Relationship Intervention for the Prevention of Sexual Harassment and Sexual Assault in the US Military: Pilot Pretest-Postest Study.\",\"authors\":\"Belinda Hernandez, Ross Shegog, Christine Markham, Susan Emery, Elizabeth Baumler, Laura Thormaehlen, Rejane Andina Teixeira, Yanneth Rivera, Olive Pertuit, Chelsey Kanipe, Iraina Witherspoon, Janis Doss, Victor Jones, Melissa Peskin\",\"doi\":\"10.2196/64412\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual harassment (SH) and sexual assault (SA) are serious public health problems among US service members. 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More rigorous research is needed to determine X-CoRe's impact on SH and SA victimization and the long-term impact on associated psychosocial determinants.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14841,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"JMIR Formative Research\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"JMIR Formative Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2196/64412\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"JMIR Formative Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2196/64412","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：性骚扰（SH）和性侵犯（SA）是美国军人中严重的公共卫生问题。很少有专门针对军队开发的性骚扰和性侵犯预防干预措施。尊重守则》（X-CoRe）是一项基于网络、多层次的创新性性骚扰和性侵犯干预措施，专为现役空军设计。该计划的目标是提高空军飞行员建立和维护相互尊重关系的知识和技能，最终减少SH和SA，提高空军飞行员的整体健康水平和任务准备状态：这项试点研究旨在评估 X-CoRe 网络版对初级和中级飞行员的短期社会心理影响（如知识、态度和自我效能）：从位于美国东北部的一个军事设施招募空军士兵完成 X-CoRe 的 10 个基于网络的模块（9/15，60% 为男性；7/15，54% 年龄在 30-35 岁之间）。对参与者进行了前测和后测，以测量与 SH 和 SA 相关的短期社会心理结果。通过描述性统计和配对双尾 t 检验来评估干预前和干预后时间点的差异：结果：完成 X-CoRe 后，参与者对主动同意的理解（P=.04）、对自身健康人际关系技能的信心（P=.045）以及作为旁观者进行干预的信心（P=.01）都有了显著提高。虽然没有统计学意义（P>.05），但他们对性暴力、情侣暴力和网络欺凌的态度、将性行为不当视为军事生活一部分的看法以及与恋爱伙伴和朋友建立关系的技能自我效能感的平均得分也有所提高：本研究的结果表明，X-CoRe 能有效改善 SH 和 SA 的关键决定因素，使其成为一种很有前途的 SH 和 SA 预防干预措施。要确定 X-CoRe 对 SH 和 SA 受害情况的影响以及对相关社会心理决定因素的长期影响，还需要进行更严格的研究。
Short-Term Outcomes of a Healthy Relationship Intervention for the Prevention of Sexual Harassment and Sexual Assault in the US Military: Pilot Pretest-Postest Study.
Background: Sexual harassment (SH) and sexual assault (SA) are serious public health problems among US service members. Few SH and SA prevention interventions have been developed exclusively for the military. Code of Respect (X-CoRe) is an innovative web-based, multilevel, SA and SH intervention designed exclusively for the active-duty Air Force. The program's goal is to increase Airmen's knowledge and skills to build and maintain respectful relationships, ultimately reducing SH and SA and enhancing Airmen's overall well-being and mission readiness.
Objective: This pilot study aimed to assess the short-term psychosocial impact (eg, knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy) of the web-based component of X-CoRe on a sample of junior enlisted and midlevel Airmen.
Methods: Airmen from a military installation located in the Northeastern United States were recruited to complete the 10 web-based modules in X-CoRe (9/15, 60% male; 7/15, 54% aged 30-35 years). Participants were given pretests and posttests to measure short-term psychosocial outcomes associated with SH and SA. Descriptive statistics and paired 2-tailed t tests were conducted to assess differences from preintervention to postintervention time points.
Results: After completing X-CoRe, participants had a significantly greater understanding of active consent (P=.04), confidence in their healthy relationship skills (P=.045), and confidence to intervene as bystanders (P=.01). Although not statistically significant (P>.05), mean scores in attitudes about SH, couple violence, and cyberbullying; perceptions of sexual misconduct as part of military life; and relationship skills self-efficacy with a romantic partner and friend also improved.
Conclusions: The findings from this study demonstrate X-CoRe's effectiveness in improving critical determinants of SH and SA, making it a promising intervention for SH and SA prevention. More rigorous research is needed to determine X-CoRe's impact on SH and SA victimization and the long-term impact on associated psychosocial determinants.
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