Devarajan Alagarasan , S.S. Hegde , R. Naik , Hitha D. Shetty , H.B. Shiva Prasad , Thamraa Alshahrani , S. AlFaify , Mohd. Shkir
{"title":"室温下喷雾沉积掺杂 Tb 的 WO3 薄膜的显著 NH3 气体传感性能","authors":"Devarajan Alagarasan , S.S. Hegde , R. Naik , Hitha D. Shetty , H.B. Shiva Prasad , Thamraa Alshahrani , S. AlFaify , Mohd. Shkir","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2024.116087","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evade potential health hazards associated with exposure to NH<sub>3</sub>, there has been an increasing demand for efficient gas sensors operating at room temperature (RT). In this study, thin films of Tb-doped (0–5 wt%) WO<sub>3</sub> synthesized by spray pyrolysis technique are used as a novel material for sensing NH<sub>3</sub> gas. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern identified the hexagonal crystal system of WO<sub>3</sub> films and increased crystallinity for the 2 wt% Tb-doing concentration. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) unveiled the distinct surface morphology of mesh-like porous structures for Tb-doped films suitable for the target gas adsorption/desorption process. Multiple photoluminescence (PL) emission peaks indicate the presence of defect states, including defect energy levels created by oxygen vacancies (O<sub>v</sub>). Optical analysis indicated shrinkage of the bandgap of WO<sub>3</sub> thin films for doping levels up to 2 wt%. Among all gas sensors, 2 wt% Tb-doped WO<sub>3</sub> exhibited exceptionally high response and low response time at 250 ppm NH<sub>3</sub> concentrations measured at room temperature (RT). The sensor’s performance for NH<sub>3</sub> gas sensing is compared with previous reports on WO<sub>3</sub>-based NH<sub>3</sub> sensors. The gas sensing mechanism in WO<sub>3</sub> is also briefly discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16782,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","volume":"459 ","pages":"Article 116087"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Remarkable NH3 gas sensing performance of spray deposited Tb doped WO3 thin films at room temperature\",\"authors\":\"Devarajan Alagarasan , S.S. Hegde , R. Naik , Hitha D. Shetty , H.B. Shiva Prasad , Thamraa Alshahrani , S. AlFaify , Mohd. Shkir\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jphotochem.2024.116087\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>To evade potential health hazards associated with exposure to NH<sub>3</sub>, there has been an increasing demand for efficient gas sensors operating at room temperature (RT). In this study, thin films of Tb-doped (0–5 wt%) WO<sub>3</sub> synthesized by spray pyrolysis technique are used as a novel material for sensing NH<sub>3</sub> gas. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern identified the hexagonal crystal system of WO<sub>3</sub> films and increased crystallinity for the 2 wt% Tb-doing concentration. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) unveiled the distinct surface morphology of mesh-like porous structures for Tb-doped films suitable for the target gas adsorption/desorption process. Multiple photoluminescence (PL) emission peaks indicate the presence of defect states, including defect energy levels created by oxygen vacancies (O<sub>v</sub>). Optical analysis indicated shrinkage of the bandgap of WO<sub>3</sub> thin films for doping levels up to 2 wt%. Among all gas sensors, 2 wt% Tb-doped WO<sub>3</sub> exhibited exceptionally high response and low response time at 250 ppm NH<sub>3</sub> concentrations measured at room temperature (RT). The sensor’s performance for NH<sub>3</sub> gas sensing is compared with previous reports on WO<sub>3</sub>-based NH<sub>3</sub> sensors. The gas sensing mechanism in WO<sub>3</sub> is also briefly discussed.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16782,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry\",\"volume\":\"459 \",\"pages\":\"Article 116087\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1010603024006312\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1010603024006312","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Remarkable NH3 gas sensing performance of spray deposited Tb doped WO3 thin films at room temperature
To evade potential health hazards associated with exposure to NH3, there has been an increasing demand for efficient gas sensors operating at room temperature (RT). In this study, thin films of Tb-doped (0–5 wt%) WO3 synthesized by spray pyrolysis technique are used as a novel material for sensing NH3 gas. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern identified the hexagonal crystal system of WO3 films and increased crystallinity for the 2 wt% Tb-doing concentration. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) unveiled the distinct surface morphology of mesh-like porous structures for Tb-doped films suitable for the target gas adsorption/desorption process. Multiple photoluminescence (PL) emission peaks indicate the presence of defect states, including defect energy levels created by oxygen vacancies (Ov). Optical analysis indicated shrinkage of the bandgap of WO3 thin films for doping levels up to 2 wt%. Among all gas sensors, 2 wt% Tb-doped WO3 exhibited exceptionally high response and low response time at 250 ppm NH3 concentrations measured at room temperature (RT). The sensor’s performance for NH3 gas sensing is compared with previous reports on WO3-based NH3 sensors. The gas sensing mechanism in WO3 is also briefly discussed.
期刊介绍:
JPPA publishes the results of fundamental studies on all aspects of chemical phenomena induced by interactions between light and molecules/matter of all kinds.
All systems capable of being described at the molecular or integrated multimolecular level are appropriate for the journal. This includes all molecular chemical species as well as biomolecular, supramolecular, polymer and other macromolecular systems, as well as solid state photochemistry. In addition, the journal publishes studies of semiconductor and other photoactive organic and inorganic materials, photocatalysis (organic, inorganic, supramolecular and superconductor).
The scope includes condensed and gas phase photochemistry, as well as synchrotron radiation chemistry. A broad range of processes and techniques in photochemistry are covered such as light induced energy, electron and proton transfer; nonlinear photochemical behavior; mechanistic investigation of photochemical reactions and identification of the products of photochemical reactions; quantum yield determinations and measurements of rate constants for primary and secondary photochemical processes; steady-state and time-resolved emission, ultrafast spectroscopic methods, single molecule spectroscopy, time resolved X-ray diffraction, luminescence microscopy, and scattering spectroscopy applied to photochemistry. Papers in emerging and applied areas such as luminescent sensors, electroluminescence, solar energy conversion, atmospheric photochemistry, environmental remediation, and related photocatalytic chemistry are also welcome.