基于人群的队列中的超加工食品摄入量、血浆代谢物特征以及全因和特定原因死亡风险

IF 6.6 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.023

Yufeng Du , Shunming Zhang , Johanne Slørdal Schjølberg , Deja Hadden , J. Gustav Smith , Lu Qi , Emily Sonestedt , Yan Borné

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景与ampamp; 目的有关超标加工食品（UPF）和特定病因死亡率的流行病学证据仍然有限，而且好坏参半。超高加工食品摄入量与死亡率之间的分子机制仍未探明。本研究旨在评估超高加工食品摄入量、代谢特征与全因、过早和特定原因死亡率之间的关联。方法本研究纳入了马尔默饮食与癌症（MDC）队列研究的 27670 名参与者（平均年龄 58.1 岁）。通过食物频率问卷和 7 天食物日记对 UPF 的摄入量进行了评估。在 MDC 的一个子集中（n = 879），研究了 UPF 与 991 种血浆代谢物之间的关系。采用弹性净回归模型确定了UPF的代谢特征。结果在23.3年的中位随访期间，共有11333名参与者死亡。UPF摄入量与全因死亡率呈非线性正相关，女性的相关性更明显（Pinteraction = 0.044）；女性的UPF摄入量与较高的死亡风险呈线性相关，而男性的相关性呈J型。UPF摄入量每增加一个标准差（SD），过早死亡（HR，1.06；95 % CI，1.03-1.09）、心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率（HR，1.05；95 % CI，1.01-1.08）或呼吸系统疾病死亡率（HR，1.08；95 % CI，1.01-1.15）的风险就会增加，但癌症死亡率不会增加。结论：我们的研究结果表明，摄入较多的 UPF 与全因、早产、心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病死亡风险的增加有关，在全因死亡方面，不同性别之间的相关性各不相同。UPF的血浆代谢特征与全因死亡率呈正相关。

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Ultra-processed food consumption, plasma metabolite profile, and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a population-based cohort

Background & aims

Epidemiological evidence on ultra-processed food (UPF) and cause-specific mortality remains limited and mixed. Molecular mechanisms underlying UPF intake and mortality remain unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between UPF consumption, metabolic signatures, and all-cause, premature, and cause-specific mortality.

Methods

This study included 27670 participants (mean age 58.1 years) from the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort study. Consumption of UPF was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and a 7-day food diary. In a subset of the MDC (n = 879), the associations of UPF with 991 plasma metabolites were investigated. An elastic net regression model was used to establish the metabolic signature of UPF. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to determine the association between UPF intake, metabolic signature, and mortality risk.

Results

During a median follow-up of 23.3 years, a total of 11333 participants died. UPF intake showed a nonlinear positive association with all-cause mortality, with more pronounced associations found in females (P_interaction = 0.044); in females, UPF was linked to a higher mortality risk in a linear manner, while the association was J-shaped in males. Each standard deviation (SD) increment in UPF intake was associated with an increased risk of premature mortality (HR, 1.06; 95 % CI, 1.03–1.09), cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality (HR, 1.05; 95 % CI, 1.01–1.08) or respiratory disease mortality (HR, 1.08; 95 % CI, 1.01–1.15), but not cancer mortality. The metabolic signature for UPF consumption (with 93 metabolites) was positively associated with all-cause mortality risk (HR per 1 SD, 1.23; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.42).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that higher UPF intake is associated with increased risk of all-cause, premature, CVD, and respiratory disease mortality, with the association varying across sex for all-cause mortality. The plasma metabolic signature of UPF showed a positive association with all-cause mortality.

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

6.30%

发文量

356

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition, the official journal of ESPEN, The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, is an international journal providing essential scientific information on nutritional and metabolic care and the relationship between nutrition and disease both in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Published bi-monthly, each issue combines original articles and reviews providing an invaluable reference for any specialist concerned with these fields.