Clinical manifestations, laboratory features, and evolution in patients with autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA)

Introduction and objective

Autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) suggests that contact with different adjuvants such as silicones or aluminium used as excipient in some vaccines can cause the appearance of different symptomatology.

Materials and methods

A retrospective analysis of the clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters, treatment, and evolution of a case series of 13 patients with ASIA syndrome related to silicone implants and vaccines was performed.

Results

In 10 (77%) of the patients there was a history of silicone implants, in the rest of the patients there was a history of vaccination. The most frequent symptom in patients with silicone prostheses was Raynaud's phenomenon (72%), while in patients with a history of vaccination, arthralgias and myalgias were the most frequent symptoms. One patient met the criteria for primary Sjögren's syndrome while another patient had limited systemic sclerosis and associated Sjögren's syndrome. Most of the patients had elevated acute phase reactants (61%), while in the group of patients with a history of silicone prosthesis 60% presented positivity for antinuclear antibodies.

Conclusion

Raynaud's phenomenon and skeletal muscle symptoms were the most common manifestations in patients with breast prosthesis and vaccination history, respectively.