2015-2022 年世卫组织欧洲地区脊灰病毒流行情况：世卫组织三大核心脊灰病毒监测系统数据回顾

IF 13.6 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Lancet Regional Health-Europe Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI:10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.101104

Thea K. Fischer , Caroline K. Johannesen , Kimberley S.M. Benschop , Natasa Berginc , Eugene V. Saxentoff , Shahin Huseynov , José E. Hagan , Heli Harvala

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动（GPEI）自 1988 年启动以来，凭借有效的疫苗和强大的全球监测系统，全球脊髓灰质炎发病率大幅下降。然而，野生型脊髓灰质炎病毒和疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒（VDPV）仍时有发生，在世界卫生组织欧洲地区也是如此。本研究旨在描述通过急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）、临床肠道病毒和环境监测系统检测脊髓灰质炎病毒的情况。方法在本研究中，我们回顾了世界卫生组织（WHO）在欧洲地区实施的三个核心脊髓灰质炎病毒监测系统从 2015 年到 2022 年的年度报告数据：结果共有 4324 份报告样本发现脊灰病毒呈阳性：共有 4324 份报告样本对脊髓灰质炎病毒呈阳性，其中 477 份来自 AFP 监测系统，394 份来自临床监测系统，3453 份来自环境监测系统。其中 366 例为 VDPV，3952 例为疫苗株，6 例为野生型脊灰病毒。709 个样本被确定为 1 型，399 个样本为 2 型，1944 个样本为 3 型，1272 个样本包含一种以上的类型。对 AFP、临床肠道病毒和环境监测中脊髓灰质炎病毒阳性样本的分析表明，3 型脊髓灰质炎病毒是检测到的最普遍的类型。大多数脊灰病毒阳性样本被鉴定为疫苗株。本研究由世界卫生组织欧洲地区办事处资助，并得到了比尔及梅林达-盖茨基金会的资金支持。

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Poliovirus circulation in the WHO European region, 2015–2022: a review of data from WHO's three core poliovirus surveillance systems

Background

The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) has drastically reduced the global incidence of poliomyelitis since its launch in 1988 thanks to effective vaccines and strong global surveillance systems. However, detections of wild-type as well as vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) still occur, also in the WHO European Region. This study aims to describe the poliovirus detection via the acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), clinical enterovirus, and environmental surveillance systems.

Methods

In this study, we review data from annual reports from 2015 to 2022 from the World Health Organization (WHO)'s three core poliovirus surveillance systems in place in the WHO European Region: AFP, clinical enterovirus, and environmental surveillance systems.

Findings

A total of 4324 reported samples were found positive for poliovirus: 477 from AFP surveillance, 394 from clinical surveillance and 3453 from environmental surveillance. Of these, 366 were VDPV, 3952 vaccine strains, and 6 were wild-type poliovirus. 709 were identified as type 1, 399 as type 2, and 1944 type 3, while 1272 samples contained more than one type. Temporal and spatial association of positive environmental samples with positive samples from AFP or clinical enterovirus surveillance was found in only eight countries.

Interpretation

Analysis of poliovirus-positive samples from AFP, clinical enterovirus, and environmental surveillance revealed that type 3 poliovirus was the most prevalent type detected. Most poliovirus-positive samples were identified as vaccine strains. No information on sequences was available.

Funding

This study was funded by WHO Regional Office for Europe and received financial support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

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来源期刊

Lancet Regional Health-Europe Multiple-

CiteScore

19.90

自引率

1.40%

发文量

260

审稿时长

9 weeks

期刊介绍： The Lancet Regional Health – Europe, a gold open access journal, is part of The Lancet's global effort to promote healthcare quality and accessibility worldwide. It focuses on advancing clinical practice and health policy in the European region to enhance health outcomes. The journal publishes high-quality original research advocating changes in clinical practice and health policy. It also includes reviews, commentaries, and opinion pieces on regional health topics, such as infection and disease prevention, healthy aging, and reducing health disparities.