Yuhan Zhang , Ying Kong , Cen Chen , Jiayi Lin , Dongli Lin , Yaowen Zhang , Yingnan Li
{"title":"极端高温下城市形态对热环境的影响:中国南京案例研究","authors":"Yuhan Zhang , Ying Kong , Cen Chen , Jiayi Lin , Dongli Lin , Yaowen Zhang , Yingnan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102178","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diverse urban morphology leads to different microclimates within urban areas. However, little is known about the relationship between different urban morphology types and their impact during extreme heat events, particularly in humid subtropical climates. To address this gap, we analyzed six types of blocks in Nanjing, China, distinguished by three building heights and two street orientations, to understand their differential impacts on the thermal environment under extreme heat conditions. Meteorological observations were carried out through a combination of on-site measurements and numerical modeling, with the analysis being based on the simulated data. The results showed that: (1) Blocks with a Northeast to Southwest (NE-SW) orientation offer more effective cooling compared to a North to South (N-S) orientation. (2) The Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) categorized as ‘Very Hot’ (above 41 °C) was consistently lower on N-S oriented blocks than on NE-SW oriented blocks throughout the day, with this difference diminishing as building height increased. (3) The worst thermal comfort conditions were observed on NE-SW oriented blocks with low-rise buildings, where the ‘Very Hot’ level accounted for 63 % of the time between 10:00 and 19:00. In contrast, the proportion dropped to 42.7 % for middle-rise N-S oriented blocks, indicating better thermal comfort. Our findings provide new insights for urban planners and policymakers, suggesting that thoughtful urban morphology planning can contribute to the development of healthier and more environmentally friendly cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48626,"journal":{"name":"Urban Climate","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 102178"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The impact of urban morphology on thermal environment under extreme heat: A case study in Nanjing, China\",\"authors\":\"Yuhan Zhang , Ying Kong , Cen Chen , Jiayi Lin , Dongli Lin , Yaowen Zhang , Yingnan Li\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102178\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The diverse urban morphology leads to different microclimates within urban areas. However, little is known about the relationship between different urban morphology types and their impact during extreme heat events, particularly in humid subtropical climates. To address this gap, we analyzed six types of blocks in Nanjing, China, distinguished by three building heights and two street orientations, to understand their differential impacts on the thermal environment under extreme heat conditions. Meteorological observations were carried out through a combination of on-site measurements and numerical modeling, with the analysis being based on the simulated data. The results showed that: (1) Blocks with a Northeast to Southwest (NE-SW) orientation offer more effective cooling compared to a North to South (N-S) orientation. (2) The Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) categorized as ‘Very Hot’ (above 41 °C) was consistently lower on N-S oriented blocks than on NE-SW oriented blocks throughout the day, with this difference diminishing as building height increased. (3) The worst thermal comfort conditions were observed on NE-SW oriented blocks with low-rise buildings, where the ‘Very Hot’ level accounted for 63 % of the time between 10:00 and 19:00. In contrast, the proportion dropped to 42.7 % for middle-rise N-S oriented blocks, indicating better thermal comfort. Our findings provide new insights for urban planners and policymakers, suggesting that thoughtful urban morphology planning can contribute to the development of healthier and more environmentally friendly cities.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48626,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Urban Climate\",\"volume\":\"58 \",\"pages\":\"Article 102178\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Urban Climate\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212095524003754\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Urban Climate","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212095524003754","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact of urban morphology on thermal environment under extreme heat: A case study in Nanjing, China
The diverse urban morphology leads to different microclimates within urban areas. However, little is known about the relationship between different urban morphology types and their impact during extreme heat events, particularly in humid subtropical climates. To address this gap, we analyzed six types of blocks in Nanjing, China, distinguished by three building heights and two street orientations, to understand their differential impacts on the thermal environment under extreme heat conditions. Meteorological observations were carried out through a combination of on-site measurements and numerical modeling, with the analysis being based on the simulated data. The results showed that: (1) Blocks with a Northeast to Southwest (NE-SW) orientation offer more effective cooling compared to a North to South (N-S) orientation. (2) The Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) categorized as ‘Very Hot’ (above 41 °C) was consistently lower on N-S oriented blocks than on NE-SW oriented blocks throughout the day, with this difference diminishing as building height increased. (3) The worst thermal comfort conditions were observed on NE-SW oriented blocks with low-rise buildings, where the ‘Very Hot’ level accounted for 63 % of the time between 10:00 and 19:00. In contrast, the proportion dropped to 42.7 % for middle-rise N-S oriented blocks, indicating better thermal comfort. Our findings provide new insights for urban planners and policymakers, suggesting that thoughtful urban morphology planning can contribute to the development of healthier and more environmentally friendly cities.
期刊介绍:
Urban Climate serves the scientific and decision making communities with the publication of research on theory, science and applications relevant to understanding urban climatic conditions and change in relation to their geography and to demographic, socioeconomic, institutional, technological and environmental dynamics and global change. Targeted towards both disciplinary and interdisciplinary audiences, this journal publishes original research papers, comprehensive review articles, book reviews, and short communications on topics including, but not limited to, the following:
Urban meteorology and climate[...]
Urban environmental pollution[...]
Adaptation to global change[...]
Urban economic and social issues[...]
Research Approaches[...]