机器人、职业和工人年龄：就业的生产单位分析

IF 2.8 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

European Economic Review Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2024.104881

Liuchun Deng , Steffen Müller , Verena Plümpe , Jens Stegmaier

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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们利用与社保记录和工作任务数据相关联的德国制造工厂机器人使用情况的新型微观数据，分析了采用机器人对就业构成的影响。根据我们基于任务的模型预测，对常规任务密集度最低的职业和年轻工人的就业影响更大，因为后者更善于适应变化。对机器人应用的事件研究分析证实了这两个预测。我们没有发现任何职业或年龄组的就业率下降，但低技能工人的流失率急剧上升。我们的结论是，机器人的替代效应与职业有关，但与年龄无关，而恢复效应则与年龄有关，年轻工人受益最大。

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Robots, occupations, and worker age: A production-unit analysis of employment

We analyze the impact of robot adoption on employment composition using novel micro data on robot use of German manufacturing plants linked with social security records and data on job tasks. Our task-based model predicts more favorable employment effects for the least routine-task intensive occupations and for young workers, the latter being better at adapting to change. An event-study analysis for robot adoption confirms both predictions. We do not find decreasing employment for any occupational or age group but churning among low-skilled workers rises sharply. We conclude that the displacement effect of robots is occupation-biased but age neutral whereas the reinstatement effect is age-biased and benefits young workers most.

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来源期刊

European Economic Review ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

3.60%

发文量

170

期刊介绍： The European Economic Review (EER) started publishing in 1969 as the first research journal specifically aiming to contribute to the development and application of economics as a science in Europe. As a broad-based professional and international journal, the EER welcomes submissions of applied and theoretical research papers in all fields of economics. The aim of the EER is to contribute to the development of the science of economics and its applications, as well as to improve communication between academic researchers, teachers and policy makers across the European continent and beyond.