新出现的地方治理,为社区找回失去的地方:2011 年日本海啸后灾害纪念公园中的政府规划和公民驱动的地方建设

IF 4.2 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Tamiyo Kondo , Yegane Ghezelloo , Nao Sakaguchi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

灾后的物质破坏、土地使用管理、住宅收购和住宅搬迁使人与地方脱节。以往的研究揭示了住宅收购和搬迁带来的意想不到的负面影响,如脆弱性的再现以及社会不公,同时也表明场所决定了社区长期恢复的关键因素。我们探讨了在 2011 年日本海啸之后,政府基于地方的规划和公民驱动的地方建设如何改变失去的地方的地方认同。我们选取了海啸重建纪念公园作为当地社区的失落之地,通过分析政府规划报告、访谈公民驱动的场所营造者以及开展问卷调查来厘清居民对场所的感知。结果显示,居民的归属感取决于他们对纪念公园的场所感,即 "日常景观的一部分"、"乡愁 "和 "重建的象征"。我们还发现,由市民推动的场所营造体现了政府规划所提出的灾难纪念公园的概念:安魂曲、纪念、重建的象征。这些结果表明,以公民为主导的场所营造有可能成为改变场所感的推动力,从而增强人们对失去的场所的归属感。我们的结论是,地方当局必须关注失地意义的波动,这可能会影响社区的长期恢复。政府、民间组织和当地居民需要促进合作,追求多方利益相关者的土地利用治理,这可以增强社区的复原力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Emerging place governance to lost places for communities: Government planning and citizen-driven placemaking in the disaster memorial parks after the 2011 Japan tsunami
Physical destruction, land use management, residential buyouts, and residential relocation following disasters disconnects people and places. Previous studies have revealed the unintended negative effects of residential buyouts and displacements, such as the reproduction of vulnerability, along with social injustice and also suggested that places determine the critical elements of long-term community recovery. We explored how government place-based planning and citizen-driven placemaking transform place identity of lost places after the 2011 Japan tsunami. We selected tsunami reconstruction memorial parks as lost places for local communities, and analyzed government planning reports, interviewed citizen-driven placemakers, and conducted questionnaire survey to clarify residents’ perception of place. Our results showed that the sense of belonging was determined by their sense of place in relation to memorial parks, as “part of the everyday landscape,” “nostalgia,” and “symbol of reconstruction.” We also found that citizen-driven placemaking embodied the concept of disaster memorial parks developed by government planning: requiem, commemoration, symbol of reconstruction. These results suggest that citizen-driven placemaking can potentially serve as a driving force to transform a sense of place that enhances the sense of belonging to lost places. We conclude that local authorities must pay attention to the fluctuation in the meaning of lost places that may influence long-term community recovery. Governments, civic organizations, and locals need to promote collaboration and pursue multi-stakeholder land use governance which can enhance community resilience.
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来源期刊
International journal of disaster risk reduction
International journal of disaster risk reduction GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARYMETEOROLOGY-METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
18.00%
发文量
688
审稿时长
79 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction (IJDRR) is the journal for researchers, policymakers and practitioners across diverse disciplines: earth sciences and their implications; environmental sciences; engineering; urban studies; geography; and the social sciences. IJDRR publishes fundamental and applied research, critical reviews, policy papers and case studies with a particular focus on multi-disciplinary research that aims to reduce the impact of natural, technological, social and intentional disasters. IJDRR stimulates exchange of ideas and knowledge transfer on disaster research, mitigation, adaptation, prevention and risk reduction at all geographical scales: local, national and international. Key topics:- -multifaceted disaster and cascading disasters -the development of disaster risk reduction strategies and techniques -discussion and development of effective warning and educational systems for risk management at all levels -disasters associated with climate change -vulnerability analysis and vulnerability trends -emerging risks -resilience against disasters. The journal particularly encourages papers that approach risk from a multi-disciplinary perspective.
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