Mapping noise and pollutant emissions hotspots: Driving behavior and vehicle features based-analysis

Understanding exhaust and noise emissions-related dynamics in urban environments presents ongoing challenges, aggravated by the absence of integrated assessments and noise models capable of handling single-vehicle kinematic data. This paper offers a comprehensive methodology aimed at addressing these gaps through the development of noise, carbon dioxide (CO₂), and nitrogen oxides (NO_X) emission maps using microscopic models. Focusing on a network consisting of a national road and an urban multilane roundabout, the study uses a microscopic multi-modal traffic simulation tool. It simulates traffic volumes, speed and acceleration profiles, and pedestrian movements over a 14-hour period to feed the models. The findings underscore roundabout entries as critical CO₂ and NO_X hotspots, while noise hotspots are linked to network congestion levels and the interactions between vehicles and pedestrians. This approach facilitates the monitoring of emissions and offers insights for urban planning decisions aimed at fostering sustainable development.