不同小麦品种及其相关微生物群在不同耕作和施肥强度下的表现:瑞士长期田间试验的启示

IF 6.1 1区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE
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引用次数: 0

摘要

冬小麦是全球重要的谷物作物。然而,以密集耕作和高肥料投入为特点的传统耕作方法对环境构成了严重威胁。为此,人们正在采用更加保守的管理方法,旨在保持小麦产量的同时促进有益微生物群的发展。在这里,我们评估了三个不同小麦品种在低强度农业系统中的适用性,重点是减少耕作和化肥强度。这项研究在瑞士的一个长期田间试验中连续进行了两年,比较了传统耕作与减少耕作、全施肥与半施肥。此外,我们还利用系统发育标记基因的扩增子测序技术调查了植物相关微生物群落的组成,特别是针对根圈样本中的细菌和真菌以及根部样本中的真菌。研究结果表明,在我们的研究中,小麦品种对谷物产量和质量的预测作用最强,与耕作和施肥强度无关。具体而言,与减少耕作和半量施肥的地块相比,采用常规耕作和全量施肥的地块中小麦品种的产量和氮吸收率更高。我们发现,小麦品种对微生物群落的组成没有明显影响。然而,耕作是影响根圈微生物群落组成的主要因素,而施肥强度则对根系中的真菌群落有显著影响。这些发现强调了农业生态系统中农艺实践、植物遗传学和微生物动态之间复杂的相互作用,强调需要采取整体和适应性方法,并进一步发展这些方法,以确保作物的可持续生产。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Performance of different wheat varieties and their associated microbiome under contrasting tillage and fertilization intensities: Insights from a Swiss long-term field experiment
Winter wheat is an important global cereal crop. However, conventional farming practices, characterised by intensive tillage and high fertilizer inputs, pose significant threats to the environment. In response, more conservative management practices are being applied aiming to maintain wheat production while promoting a beneficial microbiome. Here, we evaluated the suitability of three different wheat varieties for less intensive agricultural systems, focusing on reduced tillage and fertilizer intensity. The study was conducted over two consecutive years in a Swiss long-term field experiment comparing conventional versus reduced tillage and full fertilization versus half fertilization. In addition, we investigated the composition of plant-associated microbial communities using amplicon sequencing of phylogenetic marker genes, specifically targeting bacteria and fungi in rhizosphere samples and fungi in root samples. Our results revealed that in our study wheat variety most strongly predicted grain yield and quality, independent of tillage and fertilization intensity. Specifically, wheat varieties demonstrated higher yields and N uptake in plots subjected to conventional ploughing and full fertilization compared to those under reduced tillage and half fertilization. We found no significant effect of wheat variety on the composition of microbial communities. However, tillage emerged as the primary factor influencing microbial community composition in the rhizosphere, while fertilization intensity significantly impacted fungal communities in the root system. These findings underscore the complex interplay between agronomic practices, plant genetics, and microbial dynamics in agroecosystems, emphasizing the need for holistic and adaptive approaches and their further development to ensure sustainable crop production.
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来源期刊
Soil & Tillage Research
Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
13.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
266
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.
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