Lihua Tang , Ruyun Qin , Suiping Huang , Xiaolin Chen , Tangxun Guo , Tom Hsiang , Qili Li
{"title":"二甲基三硫醚可减少采后炭疽病并提高芒果品质,是防治球孢子菌的潜在分子机制","authors":"Lihua Tang , Ruyun Qin , Suiping Huang , Xiaolin Chen , Tangxun Guo , Tom Hsiang , Qili Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106174","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mango anthracnose, mainly caused by <em>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</em>, is the major destructive postharvest disease of mango during storage and transport. Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), an organic volatile found in some microorganisms or plants, inhibited growth of <em>C. gloeosporioides in vitro</em>, but its effects on mango anthracnose and its molecular mechanisms of action have not been well characterized. In this study, the EC<sub>50</sub> of DMTS against <em>Colletotrichum spp.</em> from mango mainly ranged from 2.3 to 20.0 μL/L. <em>In vivo</em>, the fumigation rates of 20 μL/L of DMTS for 24 h, or 80 μL/L for 3 h or 6 h could effectively reduce severity of anthracnose (natural inoculum) on postharvest mangoes with inhibitory effects of 61.7 %, 65.7 %, and 69.4 %, respectively, as observed 10 days after treatment. Furthermore, there was no detectable DMTS residue in mango skin or flesh, and an overall improvement in the quality of the fruit with higher soluble solids, total sugars, vitamin c, and β-carotene, and lower titratable acidity than the non-treated control. In addition, DMTS could significantly reduce ergosterol content in mycelia of <em>C. gloeosporioides</em>, and gene expression analysis showed DMTS significantly suppressed expression of ergosterol biosynthesis-related genes <em>Cgerg6</em> and <em>Cgerg11</em> after mycelia were exposed to DMTS. Knock-out mutants for each of these two genes showed reduced sensitivity to DMTS. After gene complementation <em>in situ</em>, the sensitivity of complementary transformants to DMTS was restored to that of the parental strain. Therefore, we concluded that the genes <em>Cgerg6</em> and <em>Cgerg11</em> are involved in an interaction with the antifungal activity of DMTS. This is the first study to demonstrate a control effect of DMTS on mango postharvest anthracnose resulting in reduced disease severity and enhanced fruit quality. Transformant studies also revealed some potential molecular mechanisms of the antifungal activity of DMTS that may lead to improved management of mango postharvest anthracnose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Dimethyl trisulfide reduces postharvest anthracnose and enhances mango quality, and a potential molecular mechanism against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides\",\"authors\":\"Lihua Tang , Ruyun Qin , Suiping Huang , Xiaolin Chen , Tangxun Guo , Tom Hsiang , Qili Li\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106174\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Mango anthracnose, mainly caused by <em>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</em>, is the major destructive postharvest disease of mango during storage and transport. Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), an organic volatile found in some microorganisms or plants, inhibited growth of <em>C. gloeosporioides in vitro</em>, but its effects on mango anthracnose and its molecular mechanisms of action have not been well characterized. In this study, the EC<sub>50</sub> of DMTS against <em>Colletotrichum spp.</em> from mango mainly ranged from 2.3 to 20.0 μL/L. <em>In vivo</em>, the fumigation rates of 20 μL/L of DMTS for 24 h, or 80 μL/L for 3 h or 6 h could effectively reduce severity of anthracnose (natural inoculum) on postharvest mangoes with inhibitory effects of 61.7 %, 65.7 %, and 69.4 %, respectively, as observed 10 days after treatment. Furthermore, there was no detectable DMTS residue in mango skin or flesh, and an overall improvement in the quality of the fruit with higher soluble solids, total sugars, vitamin c, and β-carotene, and lower titratable acidity than the non-treated control. In addition, DMTS could significantly reduce ergosterol content in mycelia of <em>C. gloeosporioides</em>, and gene expression analysis showed DMTS significantly suppressed expression of ergosterol biosynthesis-related genes <em>Cgerg6</em> and <em>Cgerg11</em> after mycelia were exposed to DMTS. Knock-out mutants for each of these two genes showed reduced sensitivity to DMTS. After gene complementation <em>in situ</em>, the sensitivity of complementary transformants to DMTS was restored to that of the parental strain. Therefore, we concluded that the genes <em>Cgerg6</em> and <em>Cgerg11</em> are involved in an interaction with the antifungal activity of DMTS. This is the first study to demonstrate a control effect of DMTS on mango postharvest anthracnose resulting in reduced disease severity and enhanced fruit quality. 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Dimethyl trisulfide reduces postharvest anthracnose and enhances mango quality, and a potential molecular mechanism against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Mango anthracnose, mainly caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is the major destructive postharvest disease of mango during storage and transport. Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), an organic volatile found in some microorganisms or plants, inhibited growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro, but its effects on mango anthracnose and its molecular mechanisms of action have not been well characterized. In this study, the EC50 of DMTS against Colletotrichum spp. from mango mainly ranged from 2.3 to 20.0 μL/L. In vivo, the fumigation rates of 20 μL/L of DMTS for 24 h, or 80 μL/L for 3 h or 6 h could effectively reduce severity of anthracnose (natural inoculum) on postharvest mangoes with inhibitory effects of 61.7 %, 65.7 %, and 69.4 %, respectively, as observed 10 days after treatment. Furthermore, there was no detectable DMTS residue in mango skin or flesh, and an overall improvement in the quality of the fruit with higher soluble solids, total sugars, vitamin c, and β-carotene, and lower titratable acidity than the non-treated control. In addition, DMTS could significantly reduce ergosterol content in mycelia of C. gloeosporioides, and gene expression analysis showed DMTS significantly suppressed expression of ergosterol biosynthesis-related genes Cgerg6 and Cgerg11 after mycelia were exposed to DMTS. Knock-out mutants for each of these two genes showed reduced sensitivity to DMTS. After gene complementation in situ, the sensitivity of complementary transformants to DMTS was restored to that of the parental strain. Therefore, we concluded that the genes Cgerg6 and Cgerg11 are involved in an interaction with the antifungal activity of DMTS. This is the first study to demonstrate a control effect of DMTS on mango postharvest anthracnose resulting in reduced disease severity and enhanced fruit quality. Transformant studies also revealed some potential molecular mechanisms of the antifungal activity of DMTS that may lead to improved management of mango postharvest anthracnose.
期刊介绍:
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology publishes original scientific articles pertaining to the mode of action of plant protection agents such as insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and similar compounds, including nonlethal pest control agents, biosynthesis of pheromones, hormones, and plant resistance agents. Manuscripts may include a biochemical, physiological, or molecular study for an understanding of comparative toxicology or selective toxicity of both target and nontarget organisms. Particular interest will be given to studies on the molecular biology of pest control, toxicology, and pesticide resistance.
Research Areas Emphasized Include the Biochemistry and Physiology of:
• Comparative toxicity
• Mode of action
• Pathophysiology
• Plant growth regulators
• Resistance
• Other effects of pesticides on both parasites and hosts.