{"title":"Simplicillium sp.QHSH-33","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106177","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Imidacloprid (IMI) and diuron (DIU) are widely used pesticides in agricultural production. However, their excessive use and high residues have caused harm to the ecological environment and human health. Microbial remediation as an efficient and low-toxic method has become a research hotspot for controlling environmental pollutants. A fungus QHSH-33, identified as <em>Simplicillium</em> sp., has the ability to degrade neonicotinoids IMI and phenylurea DIU. When QHSH-33 and pesticide were co-cultured in liquid medium for 7 days, the degradation rates of IMI and DIU by QHSH-33 in simulated field soil microenvironment were 50.19 % and 70.57 %, respectively. Through HPLC-MS analysis, it was found that the degradation of IMI mainly involved nitro reduction, hydroxylation and other reactions. Three degradation pathways and eight degradation products were identified, among which two metabolites were obtained by microbial transformation of IMI for the first time. The degradation of DIU mainly involved demethylation and dehalogenation reactions, and two degradation pathways and four degradation products were identified, one of which was a new degradation product of DIU. Toxicity assessment demonstrated that most of the degradation products might be considerably less harmful than IMI and DIU. Whole genome sequencing of QHSH-33 revealed a genome size of 33.2 Mbp with 11,707 genes. The genome of QHSH-33 was annotated by KEGG to reveal 128 genes related to exogenous degradation and metabolism. After local blast with reported IMI and DIU degrading enzymes, seven IMI-degrading related genes and seven DIU-degrading related genes were identified in the QHSH-33 genome. The results of this study will help to expand our knowledge on the microbial decomposition metabolism of IMI and DIU, and provide new insights into the degradation mechanism of IMI and DIU in soil and pure culture system, laying a foundation for QHSH-33 strain applied to the removal, biotransformation or detoxification of IMI and DIU.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Biodegradation of imidacloprid and diuron by Simplicillium sp. QHSH-33\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106177\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Imidacloprid (IMI) and diuron (DIU) are widely used pesticides in agricultural production. However, their excessive use and high residues have caused harm to the ecological environment and human health. Microbial remediation as an efficient and low-toxic method has become a research hotspot for controlling environmental pollutants. A fungus QHSH-33, identified as <em>Simplicillium</em> sp., has the ability to degrade neonicotinoids IMI and phenylurea DIU. When QHSH-33 and pesticide were co-cultured in liquid medium for 7 days, the degradation rates of IMI and DIU by QHSH-33 in simulated field soil microenvironment were 50.19 % and 70.57 %, respectively. Through HPLC-MS analysis, it was found that the degradation of IMI mainly involved nitro reduction, hydroxylation and other reactions. Three degradation pathways and eight degradation products were identified, among which two metabolites were obtained by microbial transformation of IMI for the first time. The degradation of DIU mainly involved demethylation and dehalogenation reactions, and two degradation pathways and four degradation products were identified, one of which was a new degradation product of DIU. Toxicity assessment demonstrated that most of the degradation products might be considerably less harmful than IMI and DIU. Whole genome sequencing of QHSH-33 revealed a genome size of 33.2 Mbp with 11,707 genes. The genome of QHSH-33 was annotated by KEGG to reveal 128 genes related to exogenous degradation and metabolism. After local blast with reported IMI and DIU degrading enzymes, seven IMI-degrading related genes and seven DIU-degrading related genes were identified in the QHSH-33 genome. The results of this study will help to expand our knowledge on the microbial decomposition metabolism of IMI and DIU, and provide new insights into the degradation mechanism of IMI and DIU in soil and pure culture system, laying a foundation for QHSH-33 strain applied to the removal, biotransformation or detoxification of IMI and DIU.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19828,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048357524004103\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048357524004103","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Biodegradation of imidacloprid and diuron by Simplicillium sp. QHSH-33
Imidacloprid (IMI) and diuron (DIU) are widely used pesticides in agricultural production. However, their excessive use and high residues have caused harm to the ecological environment and human health. Microbial remediation as an efficient and low-toxic method has become a research hotspot for controlling environmental pollutants. A fungus QHSH-33, identified as Simplicillium sp., has the ability to degrade neonicotinoids IMI and phenylurea DIU. When QHSH-33 and pesticide were co-cultured in liquid medium for 7 days, the degradation rates of IMI and DIU by QHSH-33 in simulated field soil microenvironment were 50.19 % and 70.57 %, respectively. Through HPLC-MS analysis, it was found that the degradation of IMI mainly involved nitro reduction, hydroxylation and other reactions. Three degradation pathways and eight degradation products were identified, among which two metabolites were obtained by microbial transformation of IMI for the first time. The degradation of DIU mainly involved demethylation and dehalogenation reactions, and two degradation pathways and four degradation products were identified, one of which was a new degradation product of DIU. Toxicity assessment demonstrated that most of the degradation products might be considerably less harmful than IMI and DIU. Whole genome sequencing of QHSH-33 revealed a genome size of 33.2 Mbp with 11,707 genes. The genome of QHSH-33 was annotated by KEGG to reveal 128 genes related to exogenous degradation and metabolism. After local blast with reported IMI and DIU degrading enzymes, seven IMI-degrading related genes and seven DIU-degrading related genes were identified in the QHSH-33 genome. The results of this study will help to expand our knowledge on the microbial decomposition metabolism of IMI and DIU, and provide new insights into the degradation mechanism of IMI and DIU in soil and pure culture system, laying a foundation for QHSH-33 strain applied to the removal, biotransformation or detoxification of IMI and DIU.
期刊介绍:
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology publishes original scientific articles pertaining to the mode of action of plant protection agents such as insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and similar compounds, including nonlethal pest control agents, biosynthesis of pheromones, hormones, and plant resistance agents. Manuscripts may include a biochemical, physiological, or molecular study for an understanding of comparative toxicology or selective toxicity of both target and nontarget organisms. Particular interest will be given to studies on the molecular biology of pest control, toxicology, and pesticide resistance.
Research Areas Emphasized Include the Biochemistry and Physiology of:
• Comparative toxicity
• Mode of action
• Pathophysiology
• Plant growth regulators
• Resistance
• Other effects of pesticides on both parasites and hosts.