Md. Ashrafur Rahman, Evangelos Victoros, Yeasna Shanjana, Marie Roke Thomas, Md. Rabiul Islam
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We used <i>C. auris</i>, <i>C. auris</i> infection, mycoses, and antifungal resistance as search terms in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. We extracted the relevant information from the available article after careful evaluation.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The genus <i>C. auris</i> was especially difficult to diagnose, as it was often mistaken for other types of yeast and led to incorrect treatment. The only effective method for diagnosing <i>C. auris</i> is through blood culture testing in laboratories and PCR tests. Because of its mutation, <i>C. auris</i> has grown increasingly resistant to all three classes of antifungals, with almost all strains resistant to fluconazole. These resistances were traced back to multiple-point mutations in certain genes, such as ERG11 in the case of fluconazole and amphotericin B. In addition, <i>C. auris is</i> phylogenetically related to <i>C. haemulonii</i>, an emerging pathogen notably resistant to antifungals. So, it may be an evolutionary resistance that occurred earlier but has only begun to spread now. Echinoderm, a reliable treatment for <i>C. auris</i> infections showed ineffectively against FKS1 and ERG3 gene mutated <i>Candida</i> strains. Newly developed antifungal agents, like Ibrexafungerp, showed promising results against echinocandin-resistant strains in clinical trials.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Without vaccines and effective treatment, its capacity to mutate and spread has detrimental effects on humans. Therefore, extensive research on drug development, quick, reliable diagnosis, and effective strategies for disease prevention and treatment are required to mitigate the health impact of <i>C. auris</i>.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":36518,"journal":{"name":"Health Science Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hsr2.70160","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Candida auris Infection After the COVID-19 Pandemic Seems to be an Urgent Public Health Emergency: A Call to Attention\",\"authors\":\"Md. Ashrafur Rahman, Evangelos Victoros, Yeasna Shanjana, Marie Roke Thomas, Md. Rabiul Islam\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/hsr2.70160\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\\n \\n <p>Inconsequential diseases can sometimes become extremely dangerous through mutation. Antifungal resistance has increased by 24%, and resistance only due to <i>Candida auris</i> (<i>C. auris</i>) species have increased by 60%. Here, we aimed to assess the knowledge of antifungal treatment and preventative measures to mitigate the consequences of infections caused by <i>C. auris</i>.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>We performed a comprehensive literature search and gathered information for this review from publicly available published articles. We used <i>C. auris</i>, <i>C. auris</i> infection, mycoses, and antifungal resistance as search terms in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. We extracted the relevant information from the available article after careful evaluation.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>The genus <i>C. auris</i> was especially difficult to diagnose, as it was often mistaken for other types of yeast and led to incorrect treatment. The only effective method for diagnosing <i>C. auris</i> is through blood culture testing in laboratories and PCR tests. Because of its mutation, <i>C. auris</i> has grown increasingly resistant to all three classes of antifungals, with almost all strains resistant to fluconazole. These resistances were traced back to multiple-point mutations in certain genes, such as ERG11 in the case of fluconazole and amphotericin B. In addition, <i>C. auris is</i> phylogenetically related to <i>C. haemulonii</i>, an emerging pathogen notably resistant to antifungals. So, it may be an evolutionary resistance that occurred earlier but has only begun to spread now. Echinoderm, a reliable treatment for <i>C. auris</i> infections showed ineffectively against FKS1 and ERG3 gene mutated <i>Candida</i> strains. Newly developed antifungal agents, like Ibrexafungerp, showed promising results against echinocandin-resistant strains in clinical trials.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>Without vaccines and effective treatment, its capacity to mutate and spread has detrimental effects on humans. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景和目的 无足轻重的疾病有时会因变异而变得极其危险。抗真菌抗药性增加了 24%，仅由白色念珠菌（C. auris）引起的抗药性就增加了 60%。在此，我们旨在评估有关抗真菌治疗和预防措施的知识，以减轻由 C. auris 引起的感染的后果。 方法 我们进行了全面的文献检索，并从公开发表的文章中收集了相关信息。我们在 Google Scholar、PubMed 和 Scopus 中使用了 C.auris、C.auris 感染、真菌病和抗真菌耐药性作为检索词。经过仔细评估，我们从现有文章中提取了相关信息。 结果 阴沟杆菌属尤其难以诊断，因为它经常被误认为是其他类型的酵母菌，从而导致错误的治疗。诊断阴沟肠杆菌的唯一有效方法是在实验室进行血液培养检测和 PCR 检测。由于发生变异，法氏酵母菌对三类抗真菌药的耐药性越来越强，几乎所有菌株都对氟康唑产生了耐药性。这些抗药性可追溯到某些基因的多点突变，如对氟康唑和两性霉素 B 产生抗药性的 ERG11 基因。因此，这可能是一种较早出现但现在才开始传播的进化抗药性。棘球蚴是治疗念珠菌感染的可靠药物，但对 FKS1 和 ERG3 基因突变的念珠菌菌株无效。新开发的抗真菌药物，如 Ibrexafungerp，在临床试验中对棘白菌素耐药菌株显示出了良好的效果。 结论 在没有疫苗和有效治疗的情况下，念珠菌的变异和传播能力会对人类造成危害。因此，需要对药物开发、快速可靠的诊断以及有效的疾病预防和治疗策略进行广泛研究，以减轻 C. auris 对健康的影响。
The Candida auris Infection After the COVID-19 Pandemic Seems to be an Urgent Public Health Emergency: A Call to Attention
Background and Aims
Inconsequential diseases can sometimes become extremely dangerous through mutation. Antifungal resistance has increased by 24%, and resistance only due to Candida auris (C. auris) species have increased by 60%. Here, we aimed to assess the knowledge of antifungal treatment and preventative measures to mitigate the consequences of infections caused by C. auris.
Methods
We performed a comprehensive literature search and gathered information for this review from publicly available published articles. We used C. auris, C. auris infection, mycoses, and antifungal resistance as search terms in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. We extracted the relevant information from the available article after careful evaluation.
Results
The genus C. auris was especially difficult to diagnose, as it was often mistaken for other types of yeast and led to incorrect treatment. The only effective method for diagnosing C. auris is through blood culture testing in laboratories and PCR tests. Because of its mutation, C. auris has grown increasingly resistant to all three classes of antifungals, with almost all strains resistant to fluconazole. These resistances were traced back to multiple-point mutations in certain genes, such as ERG11 in the case of fluconazole and amphotericin B. In addition, C. auris is phylogenetically related to C. haemulonii, an emerging pathogen notably resistant to antifungals. So, it may be an evolutionary resistance that occurred earlier but has only begun to spread now. Echinoderm, a reliable treatment for C. auris infections showed ineffectively against FKS1 and ERG3 gene mutated Candida strains. Newly developed antifungal agents, like Ibrexafungerp, showed promising results against echinocandin-resistant strains in clinical trials.
Conclusion
Without vaccines and effective treatment, its capacity to mutate and spread has detrimental effects on humans. Therefore, extensive research on drug development, quick, reliable diagnosis, and effective strategies for disease prevention and treatment are required to mitigate the health impact of C. auris.
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