跨区域海拔梯度两栖动物群落物种存在的人为决定因素

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Ecosphere Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1002/ecs2.70043
Silvia Rodríguez, Pedro Galán, Alejandro Martínez-Abraín
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引用次数: 0

摘要

确定和量化危害全球两栖动物群落的主要因素对于规划有效的两栖动物保护工作至关重要。我们收集了西班牙西北部一大片地区(30,000 平方公里)3600 个水域点(2004-2013 年)的蝾螈和蝾螈(Caudata)以及青蛙和蟾蜍(Anura)的存在/消失数据。我们对比了大量假设,这些假设解释了人类活动因素对整个地区海拔梯度(1-2036 米)的影响。逻辑回归模型显示,蝾螈和蝾螈主要受污染和土地利用变化的影响,这些因素的影响随海拔高度而变化。然而,蛙类和蟾蜍则受到更多协同作用因素的影响,尽管不包括土地利用变化,而且这些因素在所有海拔高度范围内都有影响,但生物因素(入侵物种和野猪数量)除外,它们在低海拔地区的影响更大。土地利用的变化是任何海拔高度最常见的因素,包括农村地区的荒芜,这有利于灌木和树木侵占以前的空地,以及水源点的消失。在任何海拔高度,抗逆性最强的物种是两种青蛙,即 Pelophylax perezi 和 Rana parvipalmata。抗逆性最差的物种是两种蝾螈:Chioglossa lusitanica 和 Lissotriton helveticus,紧随其后的是两种蟾蜍:Alytes obstetricans 和 Pelobates cultripes。在研究的前 5 年中,无人居住的地点受到生物影响和土地利用变化的频率较高,而在研究的后 5 年中,受到人类直接影响的频率较低。总之,我们的研究结果表明,所研究的两栖动物元群落受到了直接和间接人为因素的负面影响,但同时也表明,许多两栖动物物种不仅能够占据被人类活动改变的地点,甚至还受到了产生开放式栖息地的土地使用的青睐,而这种栖息地类型在该地区、整个伊比利亚半岛和欧洲都越来越少见。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Anthropogenic determinants of species presence in amphibian communities across a regional elevation gradient

Anthropogenic determinants of species presence in amphibian communities across a regional elevation gradient

Identifying and quantifying the main factors that are jeopardizing amphibian communities worldwide is essential for planning effective amphibian conservation. We collected data on the presence/absence of salamanders and newts (Caudata) and frogs and toads (Anura) in >3600 water points from a large region (30,000 km2) in NW Spain during a 10-year period (2004–2013). We contrasted a large set of hypotheses explaining presence/absence as a function of anthropogenic factors across the regional elevation gradient (1–2036 m). Logistic regression modeling revealed that salamanders and newts were mainly influenced by pollution and by land use changes, and that the effect of these factors changed with elevation. However, frogs and toads were affected by a larger set of factors acting synergistically, although not including land use changes, and their effect operated at all elevation ranges, except in the case of biological factors (invasive species and wild boar abundance) with higher effects at low elevation. Changes in land use was the most common factor at any elevation and included the abandonment of rural areas, which favors shrub and tree encroachment on former open land, and loss of water points. The most resilient species at any elevation were two frogs, Pelophylax perezi and Rana parvipalmata. The least resilient species were two salamanders, Chioglossa lusitanica and Lissotriton helveticus, followed closely by two toads, Alytes obstetricans and Pelobates cultripes. Unoccupied sites had higher frequencies of biological effects and of changes in land use in the first 5 years of study and lower frequencies of direct human influence factors in the second period. Overall, our results showed that the studied amphibian metacommunity was negatively influenced both by direct and indirect anthropogenic factors, but also that many amphibian species were not only capable of occupying sites which had been altered by human action, but were even favored by land uses generating open habitat, a habitat type that is increasingly uncommon in the region, in the entire Iberian Peninsula and in Europe.

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来源期刊
Ecosphere
Ecosphere ECOLOGY-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
378
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of Ecosphere is as broad as the science of ecology itself. The journal welcomes submissions from all sub-disciplines of ecological science, as well as interdisciplinary studies relating to ecology. The journal''s goal is to provide a rapid-publication, online-only, open-access alternative to ESA''s other journals, while maintaining the rigorous standards of peer review for which ESA publications are renowned.
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