Gastric neoplasm detection of computer-aided detection-assisted esophagogastroduodenoscopy changes with implement scenarios: a real-world study.

Background and aim: The implementation of computer-aided detection (CAD) devices in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) could autonomously identify gastric precancerous lesions and neoplasms and reduce the miss rate of gastric neoplasms in prospective trials. However, there is still insufficient evidence of their use in real-life clinical practice.

Methods: A real-world, two-center study was conducted at Wenzhou Central Hospital (WCH) and Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (RHWU). High biopsy rate and low biopsy rate strategies were adopted, and CAD devices were applied in 2019 and 2021 at WCH and RHWU, respectively. We compared differences in gastric precancerous and neoplasm detection of EGD before and after the use of CAD devices in the first half of the year.

Results: A total of 33 885 patients were included and 32 886 patients were ultimately analyzed. In WCH of which biopsy rate >95%, with the implementation of CAD, more the number of early gastric cancer divided by all gastric neoplasm (EGC/GN) (0.35% vs 0.59%, P = 0.028, OR [95% CI] = 1.65 [1.0-2.60]) was found, while gastric neoplasm detection rate (1.39% vs 1.36%, P = 0.897, OR [95% CI] = 0.98 [0.76-1.26]) remained stable. In RHWU of which biopsy rate <20%, the gastric neoplasm detection rate (1.78% vs 3.23%, P < 0.001, OR [95% CI] = 1.84 [1.33-2.54]) nearly doubled after the implementation of CAD, while there was no significant change in the EGC/GN.

Conclusion: The application of CAD devices devoted to distinct increases in gastric neoplasm detection according to different biopsy strategies, which implied that CAD devices demonstrated assistance on gastric neoplasm detection while varied effectiveness according to different implementation scenarios.