产前酒精暴露会干扰青春期雄性大鼠在低速率差异强化任务中的表现。

IF 1.8 4区 心理学 Q3 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Amy E. Perkins, Ellie Dart, Daren Kaiser
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引用次数: 0

摘要

产前酒精暴露(PAE)会对人体产生一系列不良影响,包括自我控制能力受损和冲动行为增多。自我控制能力的缺陷会影响学习成绩并产生持久的影响。在本研究中,我们利用 PAE 的啮齿动物模型,通过操作性条件反射来评估冲动性。怀孕的大鼠被分配到三个组中的一组:ad-lib 对照组(CON)、配对喂养组(PF)和酒精暴露组(ALC)。ALC 组大鼠摄入含 6% 酒精的流质食物,PF 组大鼠与 ALC 组大鼠配对并摄入 CON 组流质食物,CON 组大鼠自由摄入食物。操作性条件反射用于评估青少年的消退(实验 1)以及青少年和成人的低速率差异强化(DRL)(实验 2)。在 DRL 测试中,PAE 导致反应和复位增加,表明自控能力受损,这种效应仅在青少年男性中观察到。女性,无论年龄大小,在 PAE 后都没有表现出冲动性增加。这表明,患有 PAE 的儿童可能会表现出与注意力缺陷多动障碍患者类似的注意力缺陷,其中男性的风险更高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Disrupts Performance in a Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates Task Specifically in Adolescent Male Rats

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Disrupts Performance in a Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates Task Specifically in Adolescent Male Rats

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can lead to a wide range of adverse effects in humans, including impaired self-control and increased impulsive behavior. Deficits in self-control can interfere with academic performance and have lasting impacts. In the present study, a rodent model of PAE was used to assess impulsivity through operant conditioning. Pregnant rats were assigned to one of three groups: ad-lib control (CON), pair-fed (PF), and alcohol-exposed (ALC). ALC rats were given a liquid diet containing 6% alcohol, PF rats were yoked to an ALC rat and given a CON liquid diet, and CON rats received ad libitum food. Operant conditioning was used to evaluate extinction in adolescents (Experiment 1) and differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL) in adolescents and adults (Experiment 2). PAE resulted in an increase in responses and resets during DRL testing, indicative of impaired self-control, an effect that was only observed in adolescent males. Females, regardless of age, did not show increased impulsivity following PAE. This indicates that children with PAE may exhibit attentional deficits similar to those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, with males at a higher risk.

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来源期刊
Developmental psychobiology
Developmental psychobiology 生物-发育生物学
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
18.20%
发文量
125
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Developmental Psychobiology is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research papers from the disciplines of psychology, biology, neuroscience, and medicine that contribute to an understanding of behavior development. Research that focuses on development in the embryo/fetus, neonate, juvenile, or adult animal and multidisciplinary research that relates behavioral development to anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, genetics, or evolution is appropriate. The journal represents a broad phylogenetic perspective on behavior development by publishing studies of invertebrates, fish, birds, humans, and other animals. The journal publishes experimental and descriptive studies whether carried out in the laboratory or field. The journal also publishes review articles and theoretical papers that make important conceptual contributions. Special dedicated issues of Developmental Psychobiology , consisting of invited papers on a topic of general interest, may be arranged with the Editor-in-Chief. Developmental Psychobiology also publishes Letters to the Editor, which discuss issues of general interest or material published in the journal. Letters discussing published material may correct errors, provide clarification, or offer a different point of view. Authors should consult the editors on the preparation of these contributions.
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