Clinical Effect of Percutaneous Kyphoplasty and Percutaneous Vertebroplasty in Managing Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Single-Center Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in managing osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).

Methods: This retrospective study included 268 elderly OVCF individuals, and 144 individuals were selected after propensity score matching. General patient information, perioperative conditions, vertebral height and Cobb angle, lumbar spinal function, degree of pain, incidence of complications, and fracture recurrence rates were compared and analyzed for the patients.

Results: The PKP group exhibited longer surgical duration, greater intraoperative blood loss, and more frequent X-ray fluoroscopy during the perioperative period compared to the PVP group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay between the two groups. Furthermore, PKP surgery significantly improved vertebral height, corrected spinal posture, and enhanced lumbar spinal function while mitigating pain levels within the 12-month postoperative period (p < 0.05). Additionally, the PKP group showed substantially lower rates of bone cement leakage, nerve injury, and fracture recurrence than the PVP group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Compared to PVP, PKP demonstrates better clinical effectiveness with lower incidence of complications in managing OVCF. However, surgical time and intraoperative trauma should be considered.