Propagation Properties of Controllable Anomalous Hollow Cosh-Gaussian Beams in Strongly Nonlocal Nonlinear Media

This paper introduces a new controllable anomalous hollow cosh-Gaussian beam (CAHcGB). Based on the Snyder-Michell model and the ABCD matrix description of strongly nonlocal nonlinear media (SNNM), we investigate the transmission characteristics of CAHcGB. Analytical expressions for the electric field, beam width, wavefront curvature radius, and critical power of CAHcGB in SNNM are derived. The results demonstrate that CAHcGB undergoes periodic evolution during transmission in SNNM, influenced by both the beam parameters and the initial beam power. When the critical power equals the incident power, the beam width remains unchanged throughout transmission, resembling a CAHcGB soliton; otherwise, it periodically changes, akin to a breather. The study also reveals that the on-axis intensity evolution curve can exhibit various shapes such as concave, platform, or Gaussian-like, depending on the input power. The research results hold significant potential for applications in optical fiber communication systems, all-optical networks, and optical switches.