登革热介导的埃及伊蚊(双翅目:Culicidae)媒介能力的变化:传播操纵还是感染副产品?

Ioana Mateescu, Sebastian Lequime
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引用次数: 0

摘要

节肢动物的病媒能力概括了其传播疾病的潜力。生命史特征(如繁殖力或存活率)和行为特征(如运动活动、寻找宿主和摄食行为)是病媒能力的重要组成部分。研究表明,蚊媒病原体可能会改变蚊媒的重要病媒能力特征,从而直接影响其传播和流行潜力。在此,我们汇编并讨论了支持登革热介导的黄热病蚊子埃及伊蚊(L.)(其主要病媒)变化的证据,并评估所观察到的影响是否代表具有流行病学意义的进化性状操纵。登革热感染似乎操纵了促进病媒与宿主接触的基本性状,如运动活动、寻找宿主和摄食行为,但其潜在机制仍不清楚。相反,与病媒种群动态相关的生命史特征,如存活、产卵和繁殖力,似乎受到登革热病毒的负面影响。总体而言,登革病毒通过操纵埃及蚁的行为和觅食表现,进化出了促进其传播的毒性,而对生命史特征的任何不利影响可能只是由此产生的微不足道的代价。然而,不同研究在方法上的差异导致比较困难,并限制了得出有充分依据的结论的能力。这凸显了研究病毒介导的性状变化需要更加标准化的方法。最后,我们认为,在评估登革热或其他虫媒病毒-病媒-宿主相互作用对流行病的影响时,必须考虑本文概述的对生命史特征和行为的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dengue-mediated changes in the vectorial capacity of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae): manipulation of transmission or infection by-product?

An arthropod's vectorial capacity summarizes its disease transmission potential. Life-history traits, such as fecundity or survival, and behavioral traits, such as locomotor activity, host-seeking and feeding behavior, are important components of vectorial capacity. Studies have shown that mosquito-borne pathogens may alter important vectorial capacity traits of their mosquito vectors, thus directly impacting their transmission and epidemic potential. Here, we compile and discuss the evidence supporting dengue-mediated changes in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.), its primary vector, and evaluate whether the observed effects represent an evolved trait manipulation with epidemiological implications. Dengue infection appears to manipulate essential traits that facilitate vector-host contact, such as locomotor activity, host-seeking, and feeding behavior, but the underlying mechanisms are still not understood. Conversely, life-history traits relevant to vector population dynamics, such as survival, oviposition, and fecundity, appear to be negatively impacted by dengue virus. Overall, any detrimental effects on life-history traits may be a negligible cost derived from the virulence that dengue has evolved to facilitate its transmission by manipulating Ae. aegypti behavior and feeding performance. However, methodological disparities among studies render comparisons difficult and limit the ability to reach well-supported conclusions. This highlights the need for more standardized methods for the research into changes in virus-mediated traits. Eventually, we argue that the effects on life-history traits and behavior outlined here must be considered when assessing the epidemiological impact of dengue or other arbovirus-vector-host interactions.

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