氮化锆多层覆盖膝关节假体在临床使用两年后发生氧化。

IF 9.4 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Julia S. Rau , Gustav Eriksson , Per Malmberg , Ana Laura Puente Reyna , Jens Schwiesau , Martin Andersson , Mattias Thuvander
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究人员对膝关节植入物上厚度达 5 µm 的多层表面成分和微观结构进行了调查。在临床使用约两年后,该假体因无菌性松动而失效被取出时,发现最上层的 ZrN 层已被氧化。有趣的是,只有非铰接区域出现了明显的氧化(颜色变化)。在此之前,氧化物的形成、特征及其对摩擦学性能的影响仍不确定。我们使用扫描(透射)电子显微镜(STEM)和原子探针断层扫描(APT)对氧化物进行了深入分析。将铰接区和非铰接区与作为参照物的成品种植体进行了比较。结果表明,铰接表面也存在薄薄的氧化物。所有测得的氧化物厚度都高于原生氧化的预期。通过能量色散 X 射线光谱(EDS)和 APT 测量,大部分氧化物的氧含量低于稳定 ZrO2 形态所需的氧含量。在氧化物下面,氮化锆层未受影响,这表明氧化物具有有效的钝化作用,可防止进一步氧化。在 ZrN 层中没有检测到来自基底的钴,这证明了多层膜对基底金属离子释放的出色阻隔功能。意义说明:在老龄化社会中,人工膝关节植入物的使用非常普遍。植入物失效不仅代价高昂,而且往往会给患者带来痛苦,并不可避免地需要植入新的关节。因此,了解关节故障的起因对于延长植入物的使用寿命非常重要。在这项研究中,我们研究了在 2 年后失效的外植体上形成的表面氧化物对多层稳定性的影响。作为一项创新,我们关注的不是聚乙烯滑动表面的磨损,而是形成的氧化物。通过使用高分辨率分析技术,我们得以一窥外植体表面的持续磨损机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Oxidation of a zirconium nitride multilayer-covered knee implant after two years in clinical use

Oxidation of a zirconium nitride multilayer-covered knee implant after two years in clinical use
The surface composition and microstructure of an up to 5 µm thick multilayer on a knee implant were investigated. When the implant was explanted after approximately two years of clinical use due to failure from aseptic loosening, the topmost ZrN layer was found to be oxidized. Interestingly, only the non-articulating area was visibly oxidized (color change).
Up until then, the formation and characteristics of the oxide and its influence on the tribological performance remained uncertain. The oxide was thoroughly analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). The articulating and non-articulating areas were compared with an as-fabricated implant, which served as a reference. The results show that a thin oxide was also present on the articulating surface. All measured oxides were thicker than expected from native oxidation. The oxygen content of the majority of the oxide, measured with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and APT, was lower than required for the stable ZrO2 form. Underneath the oxide, the ZrN layer remained unaffected, demonstrating the oxide's effective passivating behavior against further oxidation. No cobalt from the substrate was detected within the ZrN layer, proving the multilayer's excellent barrier function against ion release from the base metal.

Statement of significance

In our aging society, the use of artificial knee implants is widespread. Implant failure is not only costly, but often connected with pain for the patient and inevitably involves the implantation of a new joint. Hence, understanding the origin of joint failure is of high importance to extend the lifetime of the implant. In this research, we investigate the influence of a surface oxide, formed on an explant which failed after ∼ 2 years, on the multilayer stability. As a novelty, we focus not on the wear of the polyethylene gliding surface but on the formed oxide. The use of high-resolution analysis techniques allowed us to get a glimpse on the ongoing mechanisms at the explants surface.
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来源期刊
Acta Biomaterialia
Acta Biomaterialia 工程技术-材料科学:生物材料
CiteScore
16.80
自引率
3.10%
发文量
776
审稿时长
30 days
期刊介绍: Acta Biomaterialia is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier. The journal was established in January 2005. The editor-in-chief is W.R. Wagner (University of Pittsburgh). The journal covers research in biomaterials science, including the interrelationship of biomaterial structure and function from macroscale to nanoscale. Topical coverage includes biomedical and biocompatible materials.
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