颅骨切除手术方法对创伤性脑损伤动物模型急性发作、脑变形和行为的不同影响

IF 1.8 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Neurotrauma reports Pub Date : 2024-10-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1089/neur.2024.0064
Cesar Santana-Gomez, Gregory Smith, Ava Mousavi, Mohamad Shamas, Neil G Harris, Richard Staba
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引用次数: 0

摘要

创伤性脑损伤(TBI)是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。目前已开发出多种损伤模型来研究这种神经系统疾病。啮齿类动物侧液叩击伤(LFPI)模型就是其中之一。LFPI 模型可通过不同的手术程序生成,这些程序可能会影响损伤,并反映在神经行为功能障碍和急性脑电图(EEG)变化上。在成年雄性 Sprague Dawley 大鼠左侧大脑半球的中心位置,使用手钻或电钻进行开颅手术。通过磁共振成像(MRI)对手钻组(ShamHMRI)和电钻组(ShamEMRI)进行评估。然后,使用流体冲击装置分别诱导创伤性脑损伤组(TBIH)和创伤性脑损伤组(TBIE)。假性损伤大鼠(ShamH/ShamE)接受与创伤性脑损伤大鼠相同的手术。在同一手术过程中,在大鼠的新皮质和海马体植入螺钉和微线电极,并在创伤性脑损伤后的头7天记录24小时的脑电图活动,以评估急性脑电图发作和伽马事件耦合。与手电钻相比,电钻开颅造成的组织损伤和感觉运动障碍更大。脑电图分析显示,每组至少有一只动物在手术后出现急性癫痫发作。电钻组的 TBI 大鼠和 Sham 大鼠的癫痫发作总数明显多于手动开颅组(P < 0.05)。同样,与 ShamH 组相比,ShamE 组大鼠的脑电图功能连接性也更低。这些结果表明,除 LFPI 外,电切颅术和手钻颅术还会造成大脑皮层损伤,从而增加创伤后急性癫痫发作的可能性。手术方法的不同可能是造成损伤差异的原因之一,这种差异使得临床前创伤性脑损伤研究的结果难以复制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Surgical Method of Craniectomy Differentially Affects Acute Seizures, Brain Deformation, and Behavior in a Traumatic Brain Injury Animal Model.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Multiple injury models have been developed to study this neurological disorder. One such model is the lateral fluid percussion injury (LFPI) rodent model. The LFPI model can be generated with different surgical procedures that could affect the injury and be reflected in neurobehavioral dysfunction and acute electroencephalograph (EEG) changes. A craniectomy was performed either with a trephine hand drill or with a trephine electric drill that was centered over the left hemisphere of adult, male Sprague Dawley rats. Sham craniectomy groups were assessed by hand-drilled (ShamHMRI) and electric-drilled (ShamEMRI) to evaluate by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Then, TBI was induced in separate groups, (TBIH) and (TBIE), using a fluid-percussion device. Sham-injured rats (ShamH/ShamE) underwent the same surgical procedures as the TBI rats. During the same surgery session, rats were implanted with screw and microwire electrodes positioned in the neocortex and hippocampus and the EEG activity was recorded 24 h for the first 7 days after TBI for assessing the acute EEG seizure and gamma event coupling. The electric drilling craniectomy induced greater tissue damage and sensorimotor deficits compared with the hand drill. Analysis of the EEG revealed acute seizures in at least one animal from each group after the procedure. Both TBI and Sham rats from the electric drill groups had a significant greater total number of seizures than the animals that were craniectomized manually (p < 0.05). Similarly, EEG functional connectivity was lower in ShamE compared with ShamH rats. These results suggest that electrical versus hand-drilling craniectomies produce cortical injury in addition to the LFPI which increases the likelihood for acute post-traumatic seizures. Differences in the surgical approach could be one reason for the variability in the injury that makes it difficult to replicate results between preclinical TBI studies.

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