[典型微塑料生物膜上病原体的富集特征和生态风险预测]。

Q2 Environmental Science
Fan Wang, Zhi-Xun Hu, Wan-Jun Wang, Yong-Yin Xiao, Wei-Cong Mai, Gui-Ying Li, Tai-Cheng An
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引用次数: 0

摘要

作为微生物定殖的一个新兴生态位,微塑料可能会选择性地富集病原体,从而导致重要的生态风险,并对水生环境中的公共健康构成潜在威胁。然而,病原体在不同微塑料生物膜上的富集特征和生态风险仍不清楚。本研究利用 16S rRNA 高通量测序技术研究了不同微塑料生物膜上细菌群落结构的差异、病原体的发生特征以及生态风险预测、聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)和聚氯乙烯(PVC)五种典型微塑料生物膜的细菌群落结构差异、病原体发生特征和生态风险预测。进行了现场原位培养实验。结果表明,经过28 d的原位培养,所有微塑料表面都形成了宏观生物膜,所有微塑料生物膜上细菌群落的多样性和丰富度均高于周围水体,表明周围水体中的微生物选择性地富集在微塑料上。每种微塑料生物膜都形成了独特的细菌群落结构,尤其是聚氯乙烯微塑料更倾向于选择性富集变形菌。利用 HPB 数据库共鉴定出 47 种人类病原体,其中 6 种抗生素耐药病原体属于关键优先控制清单。在微塑料生物膜上检测到的人类病原体的数量和总丰度均高于周围水体,巴顿氏菌、伯克氏菌和布鲁氏菌等优势病原体在微塑料生物膜上得到了选择性富集。基于 BugBase 的微生物表型预测结果表明,微塑料生物膜上的生物膜形成、所含移动元素和潜在致病性等三种功能表型分别显著增加了 2.38%-5.57%、0.82%-7.13% 和 3.04%-8.30%,其中主要由 α 蛋白细菌和 γ 蛋白细菌贡献。这些结果不仅表明微塑料生物膜上机会致病菌的选择性富集可能导致致病性和抗生素耐药性共同传播风险的增加,而且为准确评估微塑料污染在水环境中造成的生态风险提供了参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Enrichment Characteristics and Ecological Risk Prediction of Pathogens on Typical Microplastic Biofilms].

As an emerging niche colonized by microorganisms, microplastics may selectively enrich pathogens, resulting in crucial ecological risks and potential threats to public health in aquatic environments. However, the enrichment characteristics and ecological risks of pathogens on different microplastic biofilms remain unclear. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the differences in the bacterial community structure, occurrence characteristics of pathogens, and prediction of ecological risks on five typical microplastic biofilms of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) through a field in-situ incubation experiment. The results showed that after 28 d of in situ incubation, the macroscopic biofilms were formed on the surface of all microplastics, and the diversity and richness of the bacterial community on all microplastic biofilms were higher than in the surrounding water, indicating that the microorganisms in the surrounding water were selectively enriched on microplastics. Each type of microplastic biofilm had formed a unique bacterial community structure; in particular, PVC microplastics were more inclined to selectively enrich the members of Proteobacteria. A total of 47 human pathogens were identified using the HPB database, including six antibiotic resistance pathogens belonging to the lists of critical priority control. The number and total abundance of human pathogens detected on microplastic biofilm were higher than those in the surrounding water, and the dominant pathogens such as Bartonella, Burkholderia, and Brucella were selectively enriched on microplastic biofilms. Microbial phenotype prediction results based on BugBase showed that three functional phenotypes including biofilm formation, mobile element contained, and potentially pathogenic on microplastic biofilms had significantly increased by 2.38%-5.57%, 0.82%-7.13%, and 3.04%-8.30%, respectively, which were mainly contributed by α-Proteobacteria and γ-Proteobacteria. These results not only indicate that the selective enrichment of opportunistic pathogens on microplastic biofilms may lead to the increased risk of pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance co-spread but also provide reference for the accurate assessment of ecological risks caused by microplastic pollution in aquatic environments.

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来源期刊
Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science
Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science Environmental Science-Environmental Science (all)
CiteScore
4.40
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