CRISPR/Cas 系统介导的农作物碱基编辑:最新进展和未来展望。

IF 5.3 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
V Edwin Hillary, S Antony Ceasar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

成簇的有规则间隔短回文重复序列(CRISPR)和 CRISPR 相关蛋白 9(CRISPR/Cas9)基因组编辑系统可以有针对性地改变基因组,从而改变了植物研究,它们正在成为评估植物基因功能和提高作物产量的有力工具。尽管 CRISPR/Cas9 的裂解和随后的修复是精确替换植物基因和改变碱基对的有效方法,但非同源末端连接途径(NHEJ)的优势和同源定向修复(HDR)在植物细胞中的低效限制了它们的使用。碱基编辑作为 HDR 或 NHEJ 介导的置换的潜在替代方法越来越受欢迎,它可以通过将单个碱基按程序转换成另一个碱基,而无需供体修复模板或双链断裂,从而精确改变植物基因组。在这篇综述中,我们主要介绍碱基编辑系统的机制,包括其不同类型,如迄今发现的 DNA 碱基编辑器(胞嘧啶碱基编辑器和腺嘌呤碱基编辑器)和 RNA 碱基编辑器。接下来,我们概述了碱基编辑系统目前在作物改良方面的潜在应用。最后,我们讨论了碱基编辑系统在改善作物品质方面的局限性和潜在的未来发展方向。我们希望这篇综述能让研究人员了解碱基编辑工具及其在作物改良中的潜在应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
CRISPR/Cas system-mediated base editing in crops: recent developments and future prospects.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) genome-editing system has altered plant research by allowing for targeted genome alteration, and they are emerging as powerful tools for evaluating plant gene function and improving crop yield. Even though CRISPR/Cas9 cleavage and subsequent repair are effective ways to precisely replace genes and change base pairs in plants, the dominance of the non-homologous end-joining pathway (NHEJ) and homology-directed repair's (HDR) poor effectiveness in plant cells have restricted their use. Base editing is gaining popularity as a potential alternative to HDR or NHEJ-mediated replacement, allowing for precise changes in the plant genome via programmed conversion of a single base to another without the need for a donor repair template or double-stranded breaks. In this review, we primarily present the mechanisms of base-editing system, including their distinct types such as DNA base editors (cytidine base editor and adenine base editor) and RNA base editors discovered so far. Next, we outline the current potential applications of the base-editing system for crop improvements. Finally, we discuss the limitations and potential future directions of the base-editing system in terms of improving crop quality. We hope that this review will enable the researcher to gain knowledge about base-editing tools and their potential applications in crop improvement.

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来源期刊
Plant Cell Reports
Plant Cell Reports 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
10.80
自引率
1.60%
发文量
135
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: Plant Cell Reports publishes original, peer-reviewed articles on new advances in all aspects of plant cell science, plant genetics and molecular biology. Papers selected for publication contribute significant new advances to clearly identified technological problems and/or biological questions. The articles will prove relevant beyond the narrow topic of interest to a readership with broad scientific background. The coverage includes such topics as: - genomics and genetics - metabolism - cell biology - abiotic and biotic stress - phytopathology - gene transfer and expression - molecular pharming - systems biology - nanobiotechnology - genome editing - phenomics and synthetic biology The journal also publishes opinion papers, review and focus articles on the latest developments and new advances in research and technology in plant molecular biology and biotechnology.
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